{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:35:58Z","timestamp":1790037358558,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]],"date-time":"2007-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1195516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]],"date-time":"2007-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1195516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> This study evaluated the postulate that the vitreous of diabetic <i>db\/db<\/i> mice, a genetic model of type 2 diabetes that manifests hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, exhibits alterations in angiogenic and metabolic factors that reflect abnormalities in the retinal microvasculature participatory in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. <i>Methods:<\/i> Vitreous obtained from <i>db\/db<\/i> and age-matched nondiabetic <i>db\/m<\/i> mice was analyzed by Western blot for pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), by immunoassay for type IV collagen, and by measurement of TBARs for lipid peroxide products. <i>Results:<\/i> Compared to nondiabetic <i>db\/m<\/i> controls, vitreous from <i>db\/db<\/i> mice contained decreased PEDF and increased VEGF (VEGF:PEDF relative ratio 2.2 \u00b1 0.3 and 1.0 \u00b1 0.1 in <i>db\/db<\/i> vs. <i>db\/m<\/i>, respectively; p < 0.05), and elevated concentrations of lipid peroxide products (187 \u00b1 43 and 84 \u00b1 15 ng\/ml in <i>db\/db<\/i> vs. <i>db\/m<\/i>, respectively; p < 0.05) and type IV collagen (5.2 \u00b1 0.7 and 3.1 \u00b1 0.4 nmol\/ml in <i>db\/db<\/i> vs. <i>db\/m<\/i>, respectively; p < 0.05). These changes were observed at age 18\u201320 weeks, consistent with an early stage in the development of retinal microvascular pathology. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> The findings support the potential usefulness of vitreous from the <i>db\/db<\/i> mouse as a model tissue for investigation of pathogenetic factors and assessment of therapeutic interventions in early diabetic retinopathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000111151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,23]],"date-time":"2007-11-23T11:08:56Z","timestamp":1195816136000},"page":"5-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Vitreous Fluid of <i>db\/db<\/i> Mice Exhibits Alterations in Angiogenic and Metabolic Factors Consistent with Early Diabetic Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Margo P.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Hud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Shea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clyde W.","family":"Shearman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnm0603-669"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337%2Fdiabetes.46.9.1473"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM199412013312203"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.285.5425.245"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1471-4914%2802%2902362-6"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.031252398"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fjcp.1114"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0014-5793%2801%2902110-X"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.M108004200"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0002-9394%2802%2901568-4"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0002-9394%2803%2901422-3"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.0308342101"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055%2Fs-2003-41362"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001%2Farchopht.1996.01100140179011"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1056-8727%2897%2900051-2"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000266787"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.153.3740.1127"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF01221993"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF01212233"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF00921959"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337%2Fdiabetes.47.3.401"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337%2Fdiabetes.54.11.3119"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/111151","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/111151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:13:00Z","timestamp":1745460780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000111151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000111151","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,20]]}}}