{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T22:25:15Z","timestamp":1782253515981,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]],"date-time":"2007-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1195603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]],"date-time":"2007-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1195603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Macrolide antibiotics have anti-inflammatory effects which are utilized for the treatment of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Recently, their anti-inflammatory effects have been proposed to be beneficial in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <i>Objectives:<\/i> Since the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects are associated with inhibition of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-\u0138B, and both are reported to be involved in the expression of \u03b3-glutamylcysteine synthetase (\u03b3-GCS), we set out to determine if these drugs influence the oxidant-antioxidant balance in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. <i>Methods:<\/i> 16HBE cells were preincubated with erythromycin (EM) at different concentrations and times and then exposed to hydrogen peroxide (0.01 m<i>M<\/i>). Levels of interleukin (IL)-8 and glutathione (GSH), and activity of \u03b3-GCS and \u03b3-GCS heavy subunit (\u03b3-GCS-HS) protein production were assayed. AP-1 and NF-\u0138B binding to the 5\u2032-flanking region of IL-8 and \u03b3-GCS-HS genes was assessed by electrophoretic mobility-shift assay. <i>Results:<\/i> The increase in IL-8 levels and activity of AP-1 induced by H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> were abrogated by preincubation of the cells with EM (5 \u00b5g\/ml) for 36 h. We also showed that preincubation with EM for 48 h inhibited H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>-induced GSH levels, \u03b3-GCS activity and expression of \u03b3-GCS-HS, and decreased AP-1 binding to the \u03b3-GCS-HS 5\u2032-flanking region. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> The confirmation of antioxidants maintaining enzyme suppression by EM raised concerns on whether this drug could disrupt the oxidant\/ antioxidant balance during long-term use. These data provide important insights into the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases with macrolide antibiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000111569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,22]],"date-time":"2007-11-22T10:45:46Z","timestamp":1195728346000},"page":"202-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Suppression of Oxidant-Induced Glutathione Synthesis by Erythromycin in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Zhiyi","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qicai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanshan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pixin","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fthx.52.10.915"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0954-6111%2893%2990099-L"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.125.2_suppl.52S"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.125.2_suppl.70S"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.125.2_suppl.41S"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0014-2999%2802%2902042-3"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165%2Frcmb.2002-0261OC"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042%2FBJ20050791"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fthx.53.7.601"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fbbrc.1999.1917"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fjac%2Fdkf008"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165%2F00151829-200403010-00007"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345%2Faph.1D634"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.ejphar.2005.05.023"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165%2F00151829-200504030-00003"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000090051"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0014-5793%2898%2900410-4"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042%2FBJ20050379"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00000441-199402000-00010"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0140-6736%2892%2990939-Z"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fjcla.1860090203"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.117.5_suppl_1.303S-a"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/111569","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/111569","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:18:01Z","timestamp":1745461081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000111569"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000111569","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,21]]}}}