{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:45:03Z","timestamp":1777927503141,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychobiology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As the clinical symptomatology of panic attacks may be conceivably related to abnormal brain stem activity, the present study examined the effect of lactate-precipitated panic on brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BSAEPs). The subjects were 27 patients who met DSM-III criteria for panic disorder (Pd), agoraphobia with panic attacks (AgPa) or agoraphobia (Ag). Following drug washout, patients were tested in two separate sessions, in a double-blind randomised controlled design in which each session involved two sequentially ordered BSAEP collection periods \u2013 a baseline period with no infusion followed by an intravenous infusion of 5 % dextrose in water or 1.0 M sodium lactate (5 ml\/kg in 5% dextrose\/water) over a 20-min period. Of the 27 patients, 17 were clear responders, reporting panic attacks and self-report changes under lactate similar to those occurring during spontaneous panic. Of the remaining 10 patients, 6 were pseudo-responders, reporting panic symptoms under both dextrose and lactate, and 4 were non-responders. In the clear responders, lactate did not alter elecrical events of the BSAEP, but further analysis within the clear responders, comparing AgPa patients with Pd patients, yielded a significant effect with lactate resulting in a prolonged III-V inter-peak interval in the AgPa group. It is suggested that the increased III-V interval in the AgPa group may be reflective of hyperactivity of brain stem noradrenergic nuclei.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000118290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T06:10:26Z","timestamp":1203487826000},"page":"9-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effects of Lactate-Induced Panic Attacks on Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Verner J","family":"Knott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvon D.","family":"Lapierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"container-title":["Neuropsychobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/118290","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000118290","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:45:17Z","timestamp":1777675517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000118290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000118290","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-282X","1423-0224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-282X","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]}}}