{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:13:20Z","timestamp":1777868000390,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Neurol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the original description of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) more than 170 years ago, there have been major advances in the understanding and treatment of PD. This article reviews some current knowledge concerning the role of free radicals, especially superoxide, in the etiology of PD. Hypotheses regarding inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and free radicals generation in PD are discussed in relation to the mechanisms of action of the N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, a neurotoxin known to produce parkinsonian syndromes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000118536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]],"date-time":"2008-02-20T06:10:26Z","timestamp":1203487826000},"page":"38-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Are Free Radicals Involved in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s Disease?"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Judes","family":"Poirier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judes","family":"Poirier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Thiffault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Thiffault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"container-title":["European Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/118536","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000118536","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T11:18:46Z","timestamp":1777547926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000118536"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000118536","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-3022","1421-9913"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-3022","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9913","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]}}}