{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:57:03Z","timestamp":1745470623963,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Thymic expression of a photoreceptor cell antigen, interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, is known to generate regulatory T cells (T<sub>reg<\/sub>) that prevent spontaneous autoimmune disease of the retina. However, the contribution of other endogenous, tissue-specific antigens (Ags) expressed in the retina to the generation of T<sub>reg<\/sub> is uncertain. <i>Methods:<\/i> Transgenic mice that express \u03b2-galactosidase (\u03b2-gal) in photoreceptor cells, together with \u03b2-gal-specific T cell receptor transgenic mice, were used to study the induction of T<sub>reg<\/sub> in vivo. <i>Results:<\/i> Transgenic expression of \u03b2-gal on the arrestin promoter led to a spontaneous immunoregulatory response that inhibited the development of immune responses to \u03b2-gal. The regulation was transferred by CD3+4+25+ T<sub>reg<\/sub>. Several strategies were then used to show that \u03b2-gal expressed in the retina supported spontaneous, thymus-independent T<sub>reg<\/sub> development. The endogenous T<sub>reg<\/sub> also differed from the T<sub>reg<\/sub> induced by Ag inoculation into the anterior chamber of the eye. <i>Conclusion:<\/i> These results demonstrate that retinal expression of very small amounts of a tissue-specific Ag can generate T<sub>reg<\/sub> in the periphery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000119868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,18]],"date-time":"2008-04-18T12:55:49Z","timestamp":1208523349000},"page":"154-159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evidence for Extrathymic Generation of Regulatory T Cells Specific for a Retinal Antigen"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Dale S.","family":"Gregerson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neal D.","family":"Heuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ute","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott W.","family":"McPherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.coi.2004.01.004"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.coi.2004.09.015"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fni906"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(00)00731-6"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fglia.20298"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502760258668"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084%2Fjem.20050429"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1350-9462%2898%2900022-6"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.0603086103"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1460-9568.2005.04046.x"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080%2F08830180212066"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnri1224"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnm0804-801"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.smim.2006.01.011"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fni1265"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084%2Fjem.20040249"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0165-5728%2887%2990032-4"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189%2Fjlb.0404249"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI9168"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1521-4141%28200001%2930%3A1%3C272%3A%3AAID-IMMU272%3E3.0.CO%3B2-X"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/119868","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/119868","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:20:57Z","timestamp":1745461257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000119868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000119868","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0030-3747"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0259"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}