{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:05:52Z","timestamp":1791223552403,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]],"date-time":"2008-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]],"date-time":"2008-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Neurosurg"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The value of haloperidol, fluphenazine and clonidine as therapeutic agents for Tourette\u2019s syndrome was retrospectively reviewed. Haloperidol improved tic symptoms in 50\/60 patients, but side effects often nullified these benefits. Fluphenazine was an effective drug for tic suppression in 24\/31 patients. Direct comparison of these drugs in 23 patients confirmed the efficacy of fluphenazine and showed it to produce fewer adverse effects than haloperidol. Clonidine was helpful in 47% and caused few side effects. These results support the use of clonidine for the treatment of tics and suggest that fluphenazine can be considered an alternative to other neuroleptic drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000120222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]],"date-time":"2008-03-05T08:10:47Z","timestamp":1204704647000},"page":"71-74","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Haloperidol, Fluphenazine and Clonidine in Tourette Syndrome: Controversies in Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Harvey S.","family":"Singer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Gammon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirley","family":"Quaskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]]},"container-title":["Pediatric Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/120222","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000120222","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T17:05:16Z","timestamp":1777741516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000120222"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000120222","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1016-2291","1423-0305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1016-2291","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]]}}}