{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T18:49:13Z","timestamp":1777920553941,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]],"date-time":"2008-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]],"date-time":"2008-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroendocrinology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Catecholamines have been shown to activate hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor-41 (CRF) synthesis and release. In order to study the mechanisms involved, fetal hypothalamic cells were cultured and CRF release was measured by radioimmunoassay. Norepinephrine (NE) induced CRF release in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies were performed with a protein kinase C inhibitor, H-7(l-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine) and a protein kinase A inhibitor, IP-20. NE-stimulated CRF release was reduced by H-7 (5 and 50 \u00b5M) in a dose-dependent fashion, while 5 \u00b5M IP-20 resulted in a small but significant inhibition. Pretreatment of the cells for 15 h with 20 and 200 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which down-regulates protein kinase C activity, blocked the release of CRF in response to NE (1 \u00b5M), further supporting protein kinase C as a mediator for NE-activated CRF release. Pretreatment with 50 and 500 ng\/ml pertussis toxin (15 h) resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of NE-activated CRF release. Both dexamethasone and aldosterone at the concentrations of 1 \u00b5M reduced NE-induced CRF release. These results sugget that CRF can be released from hypothalamic neurons in response to NE through both protein kinase C- and protein kinase A-dependent mechanisms, and that pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins are also involved in this response. Furthermore, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids can reduce NE-acivated CRF release from cultured hypothalamic cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000126297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]],"date-time":"2008-04-07T07:33:24Z","timestamp":1207553604000},"page":"712-718","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Mechanisms of Norepinephrine Mediated Corticotropin-Releasing Factor-41 Release from Cultured Fetal Hypothalamic Cells"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Shuang-Bao","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lesley A.","family":"Tannahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stafford L.","family":"Lightman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]]},"container-title":["Neuroendocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/126297","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000126297","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:33:48Z","timestamp":1777664028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000126297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000126297","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3835","1423-0194"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3835","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0194","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,7]]}}}