{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T08:01:02Z","timestamp":1770969662850,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Addict Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<i>Objective:<\/i> The aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of treatment-resistant heroin addicts with and without DSM-IV axis I psychiatric comorbidity (dual diagnosis). <i>Method:<\/i> 129 heroin addicts who also met criteria for treatment resistance, 66 with one or more DSM-IV axis I psychiatric diagnosis (DD patients), and 63 without DSM-IV axis I psychiatric comorbidity (NDD patients) were monitored prospectively (6 years on average, min. 1, max. 9) along a methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP). <i>Results:<\/i> The rates for survival-in-treatment were about 50% for NDD patients and about 70% for DD patients. After 4 years of treatment onwards, such rates tended to become stable. DD patients showed better outcome measures than NDD patients. A significantly higher methadone dose was needed to have DD patients stabilized. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> Contrary to expectations, treatment-resistant patients with psychiatric comorbidity showed a better long-term outcome than treatment-resistant patients without psychiatric comorbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000130417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,16]],"date-time":"2008-06-16T13:29:55Z","timestamp":1213622995000},"page":"134-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Long-Term Outcomes of Treatment-Resistant Heroin Addicts with and without DSM-IV Axis 1 Psychiatric Comorbidity (Dual Diagnosis)"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Icro","family":"Maremmani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Pacini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Lubrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Perugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Tagliamonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pier Paolo","family":"Pani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilberto","family":"Gerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Shinderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0447.1990.tb03057.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001%2Fjama.281.11.1000"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037%2F0022-006X.60.6.845"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00005053-199406000-00006"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0306-4603%2898%2900075-6"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jad.2006.02.022"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000092113"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0376-8716%2898%2900091-X"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000284608"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192%2Fbjp.157.6.835"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0165-0327%2897%2901446-8"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1978.tb16775.x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0376-8716%2893%2990052-R"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2125.1999.00921.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF02353475"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev.pharmtox.42.111901.111051"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300%2FJ069v19n02_03"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0376-8716%2897%2900115-4"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0376-8716%2800%2900148-4"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.drugalcdep.2003.11.017"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0022-3956%2881%2990005-4"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001%2Farchpsyc.1982.04290020027006"}],"container-title":["European Addiction Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/130417","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/130417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T01:40:23Z","timestamp":1745458823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000130417"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000130417","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-6877","1421-9891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-6877","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}