{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:54:44Z","timestamp":1777946084456,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,29]],"date-time":"2008-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,29]],"date-time":"2008-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212019200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The interaction of \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol (\u03949-THC) and cannabinol (CBN) was studied in man. Five male volunteers were given placebo, 50 mg CBN, 25 mg \u03949-THC, 12.5 mg \u03949-THC + 25 mg CBN, and 25 mg \u03949-THC + 50 mg CBN (orally). Administrations were spaced 1 week apart. With physiological measures, \u03949-THC produced an increase in heart rate while CBN did not. When combined, no change of the \u03949-THC effect occurred. No changes occurred on the electrocardiogram, blood pressure, or body temperature. With psychophysical measures no changes occurred in pain thresholds or skin sensitivity as a function of drug treatment. In time estimates of the passage of 1 minute, \u03949 -THC alone produced underestimates of the passage of 1 minute and CBN alone had no effect. In combination the two drugs had a tendency to produce significant overestimates and underestimates of the passage of 1 minute. On a 66-item adjective-pair drug reaction scale, the volunteers reported feeling drugged, drunk, dizzy, and drowsy under the \u03949 -THC condition, but not under the CBN condition. With combined drug treatment, volunteers reported feeling more drugged, drunk, dizzy, and drowsy than under the \u03949-THC condition alone. None of the drug treatments produced significant changes on other items which included items on perception, emotion, cognition and sociability. It appears that CBN increases the effect of \u03949-THC on some aspects of physiological and psychological processes, but that these effects are small and cannot account for the greater potency which has been reported when plant material is used.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000136944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,2]],"date-time":"2008-06-02T07:26:06Z","timestamp":1212391566000},"page":"502-512","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Effects of \u0394\n                    <sup>9<\/sup>\n                    -Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabinol in Man"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Isac G.","family":"Karniol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itiro","family":"Shirakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reinaldo N.","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Knobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Musty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,29]]},"container-title":["Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000136944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T15:37:07Z","timestamp":1777736227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000136944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,29]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000136944","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-7012","1423-0313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-7012","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,29]]}}}