{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:00:31Z","timestamp":1761058831208,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<i>Objective:<\/i> Despite initial therapeutic success through androgen ablation in patients with advanced prostate cancer, the vast majority progress to androgen independence. Somatostatin (SST) analogs are a viable therapeutic modality before resorting to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Their mechanism of action is related to a reduction in the IGF-1 (survival factor, reaction on neuroendocrine cells) appearing incrementally after long-term androgen deprivation and a possible suppression of GnRH receptors in prostate cancer following exposure to LHRH agonists. <i>Methods:<\/i> The computerized databases Medline, NCBI and OMIM were searched for the terms, somatostatin and prostate cancer, in parallel with printed bibliographic references. Forty-two studies were included and 267 patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) who were treated with SST analogs alone or in combination with other medications, e.g. dexamethasone, were analyzed. <i>Results:<\/i> In 42 studies with 267 AIPC patients, SST analogs were found to be effective, particularly when combined with estrogens or corticosteroids. The side effects are mild and related to the gastrointestinal tract. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> It would be interesting to study SST analogs in randomized trials including patients with well-defined AIPC. Whether SST analogs could be given earlier during sequential hormonal therapy remains to be studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000137635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,21]],"date-time":"2008-07-21T13:56:06Z","timestamp":1216648566000},"page":"17-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Growth Hormone Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Hans-Peter","family":"Schmid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Gregorin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens E.","family":"Altwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322%2Fcanjclin.52.3.154"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.eururo.2005.06.001"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000106320"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jsbmb.2004.10.012"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210%2Fer.2001-0014"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.pap.0000184179.50672.f7"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0022-5347%2805%2900034-0"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.dld.2003.11.021"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fjnci%2F91.19.1663"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.critrevonc.2005.10.003"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ju.0000140875.07255.f5"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FA%3A1026057402945"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291096-9896%28199912%29189%3A4%3C559%3A%3AAID-PATH471%3E3.0.CO%3B2-Y"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1742-1241.2006.00750.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210%2Fendo-83-4-783"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1472-8206.1995.tb00269.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fpros.10121"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1078-1439%2801%2900173-9"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0024-3205%2885%2990155-9"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1043-2760%2802%2900667-7"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fannonc%2Fmdf142"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158%2F1078-0432.CCR-04-0077"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196%2Fannals.1322.042"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210%2Fen.140.11.5136"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677%2Ferc.1.01116"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1097-0142%2819950415%2975%3A8%3C2159%3A%3AAID-CNCR2820750820%3E3.0.CO%3B2-O"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291097-0045%2819990301%2938%3A4%3C313%3A%3AAID-PROS7%3E3.0.CO%3B2-8"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210%2Fjc.86.12.5729"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fpros.10232"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.urology.2004.06.066"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.urology.2003.08.041"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ju.0000092480.71873.26"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0022-5347%2805%2967947-5"}],"container-title":["Urologia Internationalis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/137635","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/137635","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T01:45:18Z","timestamp":1745459118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000137635"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000137635","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-1138","1423-0399"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0042-1138"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0399"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}