{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:14:00Z","timestamp":1791209640289,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<i>Purpose:<\/i> To determine the concentration of interleukins (IL-1\u03b2 and -6) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (pro-MMP-9) in the tears of patients with different ocular surface diseases and to examine the possible relationship between the disorders and molecular inflammation. <i>Methods:<\/i> 77 patients diagnosed as having different ocular surface disorders and 18 normal control subjects were studied. Patients were routinely examined and separated into 5 groups: (1) control, (2) blepharitis, (3) ocular allergic disease, (4) dry eye and (5) conjunctivochalasis. Ten microliters of tears were collected by a Weck cell sponge. The concentrations of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and pro-MMP-9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the MMP-9 activity was evaluated with gelatin zymography. <i>Results:<\/i> Levels of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 in tear fluid were significantly higher in conjunctivochalasis (p = 0.0062 and p = 0.0134) than in the control group. Pro-MMP-9 levels were significantly elevated in blepharitis (p = 0.013), in allergic eye disease, in dry eye and in conjunctivochalasis (all p < 0.001), in comparison to controls. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> Pro-MMP-9 levels in tears are elevated in all of the studied pathologies especially in ocular allergy and conjunctivochalasis. However, IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 were only found to be overexpressed in conjunctivochalasis. These findings illustrate the selective implication of different molecules in each disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000150445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,8]],"date-time":"2008-08-08T09:24:45Z","timestamp":1218187485000},"page":"315-321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Inflammatory Markers in the Tears of Patients with Ocular Surface Disease"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Arantxa","family":"Acera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Germ\u00e1n","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Vecino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Lema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Dur\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fbjo.85.2.147"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ico.0000178737.35297.d4"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167%2Fiovs.02-0874"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0012-1606%2891%2990300-R"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167%2Fiovs.05-1261"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167%2Fiovs.03-1145"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00003226-199707000-00013"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167%2Fiovs.02-0420"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev.cellbio.17.1.463"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167%2Fiovs.05-1364"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2FICO.0b013e31803dcda2"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0039-6257%2898%2900037-X"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ico.0000183531.25201.0d"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021%2Fpr0497576"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/150445","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/150445","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T19:39:55Z","timestamp":1715974795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/ORE\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000150445"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000150445","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}