{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T19:56:12Z","timestamp":1787428572243,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Nutr Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background\/Aims:&lt;\/i&gt; Water-extracted Chinese black tea (Pu-Ehr) exerts a precipitating effect on mixed bile salt micelles in foods. The amount of black tea extract (BTE) effective for hypercholesterolemia (HC) was examined in humans. &lt;i&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Animals (test 1) and humans (tests 2\u20135) were given BTE in the following studies: (test 1) an acute 2-week toxicity test conducted in mice with 2,000 mg\/kg BTE or saline; (test 2) a dose-finding 8-week toxicity study with excessive BTE ingestion (0.75 or 1 g\/day) in 10 healthy and 10 borderline HC subjects; (test 3) a 1-day acute toxicity test using a (10 g) single-bolus study (n = 10); (test 4) a 5-week long-term safety test (5 g\/day, n = 11), and (test 5) a 4-month noncomparative study in 21 HC patients ingesting 1 g\/day. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; The safety study showed no changes in hematological or relevant biochemical parameters in both mice and humans in the acute and long-term toxicity tests. In test 5, significant reductions in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels accompanied by significant decreases in body weight were observed without affecting other biochemical parameters. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; BTE significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels in humans and may prove safe and useful in preventing and improving metabolic syndrome-induced arteriosclerosis and\/or obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000153006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,4]],"date-time":"2008-09-04T03:16:45Z","timestamp":1220498205000},"page":"33-42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Black Tea (Pu-Ehr) Extract in Healthy and Hypercholesterolemic Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Fujita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohide","family":"Yamagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2886%2990597-0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.bjp.0703235"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2621.2000.tb16049.x"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186%2F1475-2891-6-6"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271%2Fbbb.65.72"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fphrs.1997.0176"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021%2Fjf049375k"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0378-8741%2896%2901449-3"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.ijo.0803135"}],"container-title":["Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/153006","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/153006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:44:20Z","timestamp":1745455460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000153006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000153006","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-6807","1421-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-6807","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}