{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T01:57:29Z","timestamp":1777773449179,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,4]],"date-time":"2008-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,4]],"date-time":"2008-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1225756800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dig Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article is a review of aspects of the expression of the regulatory peptides; epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-\u03b1), and their receptor (EGF-R) in the epithelium of the human oesophagus and stomach in health and disease. It has become clear that TGF-\u03b1 has increased expression in metaplastic, dysplastic and neoplastic tissue of the oesophagus compared with normal mucosa. The degree of abnormal expression becomes more marked as dysplasia increases. TGF-\u03b1 expression is also increased in gastric neoplasias. EGF has a different pattern of expression, being decreased in oesophagitis and increased in gastritis. Although EGF is present in Barrett\u2019s oesophagitis, the expression of EGF does not discriminate between dysplastic and neoplastic epithelium. EGF-R is normally expressed on all gastrointestinal epithelia, but its expression is increased in Barrett\u2019s epithelium, as well as in adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus and the stomach. The two peptides bind to their receptors on the mucosal cell membranes, and the co-expression of peptide and receptor is positively associated with varying degrees of cellular proliferation. The density of receptor expression may modulate the proliferative stimulus, leading to either mitogenic (regulated) or oncogenic (unregulated) growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000171396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,5]],"date-time":"2008-11-05T07:04:46Z","timestamp":1225868686000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor, Transforming Growth Factor Alpha and Their Receptor in Gastro-Oesophageal Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Jankowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Hopwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.G.","family":"Wormsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,4]]},"container-title":["Digestive Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/171396","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000171396","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:21:52Z","timestamp":1777483312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000171396"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,4]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000171396","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0257-2753","1421-9875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0257-2753","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,4]]}}}