{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:37:24Z","timestamp":1777898244234,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]],"date-time":"2008-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]],"date-time":"2008-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Res"],"abstract":"<jats:p>5\/10 members of a North African family (father, 2 male and 2 female siblings) had gynaecomastia, early growth and short final stature. The 8-year-old propositus had advanced bone age, facial acne, gynaecomastia, pubic hair and prepubertal testicular volume. Basal oestrone (E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;) was elevated (670 pmol\/l) and increased with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; 826 pmol\/l). After human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation testosterone (T) responded normally whereas E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; and oestradiol (E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;) remained unchanged. ACTH-dependent adrenal feminization was confirmed by a transient reduction of breast tissue following dexamethasone or cypropterone acetate treatment. Testolactone increased T\/E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; (from 5.6 to 20.3) and A\/E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;(from 3.4 to 31.4) ratios and temporarily reduced the breast tissue. In conclusion, this is a familial type of adrenal feminization with increased adrenal androgen aromatization. This is the first time that male-to-male and male-to-female transmission has been reported.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000182290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]],"date-time":"2008-12-03T16:39:41Z","timestamp":1228322381000},"page":"96-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Familial Adrenal Feminization Probably due to Increased Steroid Aromatization"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"Leiberman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milo","family":"Zachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]]},"container-title":["Hormone Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000182290","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:24:54Z","timestamp":1777627494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000182290"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000182290","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0163","1423-0046"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0163","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0046","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]]}}}