{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T16:22:04Z","timestamp":1777911724019,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]],"date-time":"2008-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]],"date-time":"2008-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nephron"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 71 patients (41 men, 30 women) with advanced renal failure maintained on hemodialysis (HD), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), or within 8 weeks after the commencement of dialysis therapy (ED), studies were performed searching for evidence of serositis and the blood levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC), measured by the polyethylene glycol precipitation method. Mean CIC levels were elevated in these patients compared to the 58 healthy subjects (mean \u00b1 SEM 725 \u00b1 40, and 260 \u00b1 34 \u00b5g\/ml, respectively). Serositides were significantly more prevalent in ED patients compared to both remaining groups, and tended to occur less frequently in CAPD than in HD patients. CIC levels were significantly lower in CAPD than in ED patients. The levels of CIC were significantly higher in patients with serositis compared to those without evidence of serosal inflammation (mean \u00b1 SEM 868 \u00b1 71 and 677 \u00b1 53 \u00b5g\/ml, respectively). In addition, immune complex-like materials were found in all of 4 effusate samples and in 10 of 27 peritoneal dialysates. It is suggested that immune complexes may be the \u2018uremic toxins\u2019 responsible for the serositis of renal failure, and may be secreted into serous effusions. Immune complex-like material can be removed in peritoneal dialysate, which may contribute to the lower CIC levels and lower incidence of serositis in the CAPD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000183073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]],"date-time":"2008-12-05T13:14:51Z","timestamp":1228482891000},"page":"190-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Circulating Immune Complexes: Possible Toxins Responsible for Serositis (Pericarditis, Pleuritis, and Peritonitis) in Renal Failure"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Zbylut J.","family":"Twardowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Alpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramesh C.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl D.","family":"Nolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bard T.","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]]},"container-title":["Nephron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/183073","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000183073","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T15:33:31Z","timestamp":1777649611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000183073"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000183073","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-8151","2235-3186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-8151","type":"print"},{"value":"2235-3186","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,3]]}}}