{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T11:27:20Z","timestamp":1779190040280,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]],"date-time":"2008-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]],"date-time":"2008-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Horm Res"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Growth hormone has several insulin antagonistic effects. To determine the time course of these effects in growth-hormone-treated children, the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test was used to measure insulin sensitivity (S&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;\/sub&gt;) and glucose effectiveness (S&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;\/sub&gt;) before, and 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after beginning growth hormone therapy in 3 patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD), 3 patients with non-growth-hormone-deficient short stature (NGHD) and 3 with Turner syndrome (TS). Pretreatment S&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;\/sub&gt; was lower in TS than in the other two groups (p &lt; 0.05), but S&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;\/sub&gt;did not differ between groups. Mean S&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;\/sub&gt;levels 1 week and 1 month after starting growth hormone therapy were not different from before growth hormone [1.6 7 \u00b1 0.26 \u00d7 10\u223c4 (pmol\/l-1 min-1]6 months of growth hormone [0.67 \u00b1 0.15 \u00d7 10-4(pmol\/l)-1 m-1] was lower than before and 1 week after growth hormone (p &lt; 0.005). S&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;\/sub&gt; responses did not differ between groups. S&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;\/sub&gt;, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels did not change, but the incremental insulin response increased with growth hormone therapy. Thus, in this small study 6 months of growth hormone therapy decreased S&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;\/sub&gt;, but did not affect other cardiovascular risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000184625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,15]],"date-time":"2008-12-15T06:03:14Z","timestamp":1229320994000},"page":"197-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Insulin Antagonistic Effects of Growth Hormone in Short Children"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Robert P.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]]},"container-title":["Hormone Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000184625","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:31:25Z","timestamp":1777627885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000184625"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000184625","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0163","1423-0046"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0163","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0046","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]]}}}