{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:51:30Z","timestamp":1787017890646,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Crofelemer improves bowel function in several conditions characterized by states of prominent secretory diarrhea. Aim: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of 3 dose levels of crofelemer in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS). Methods: Male and female patients were randomly assigned to receive crofelemer 125, 250 or 500 mg or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy measure was a responder for improvement in stool consistency. In addition, abdominal pain- and discomfort-free days, pain and discomfort scores as well as other bowel function parameters (such as stool frequency and consistency, urgency, bloating) were evaluated. Results: Two hundred and forty-two D-IBS patients were randomized. Crofelemer did not produce significant improvement in stool consistency (primary endpoint), stool frequency, urgency or adequate relief. However, female D-IBS patients showed improvement in the proportion of pain- and discomfort-free days during treatment with 500 mg crofelemer: month 1 (crofelemer vs. placebo: 17.7 vs. 10.2%, p = 0.098); month 2 (23.5 vs. 13.3%, p = 0.076); month 3 (26.1 vs. 10.6%, p = 0.0076). No benefit was seen in male D-IBS patients. Crofelemer was well tolerated. Conclusions: Crofelelmer did not produce benefit on bowel function; an increase in the number of pain- and discomfort-free days in female D-IBS patients was seen. Further studies with crofelemer are warranted to evaluate it as a potential visceral analgesic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000185719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]],"date-time":"2008-12-18T13:06:57Z","timestamp":1229605617000},"page":"180-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Evaluation of Crofelemer in the Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Allen W.","family":"Mangel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pravin","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2036.1997.84256000.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMcp0801447"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fgast.2002.37095"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0002-9270%2800%2902318-2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1572-0241.2003.07296.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jep.2004.04.005"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1572-0241.2002.06027.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1572-0241.1999.01535.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2036.1997.00256.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2006.12.029"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2005.11.061"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2036.2008.03629.x"}],"container-title":["Digestion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/dig\/article-pdf\/78\/4\/180\/4033639\/000185719.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/dig\/article-pdf\/78\/4\/180\/4033639\/000185719.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T20:14:14Z","timestamp":1745439254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000185719"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000185719","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-2823","1421-9867"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-2823","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9867","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}