{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:52:17Z","timestamp":1777917137218,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nephron"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dose-limiting nephrotoxicity has hampered the clinical usefulness of amphotericin-B (AmpB). Recently, vascular decongestants, such as pentoxifylline, have shown benefit in reducing drug-associated renal damage of AmpB in rats. The present study investigated a dose-dependent protection of a structurally similar methylxanthine, HWA-448, in the candidiasis rat model given a single dose of AmpB. Forty-eight hours after inoculation with Candida albicans, each rat was treated with 0.8 mg\/kg of AmpB or sterile water; animals were further randomized to receive 0.5, 1, 5, or 10 mg\/kg i.v. of H WA-448 or saline given every 12 h for 3 doses. Kidney fungal counts, morphology, and renal function were compared between treatment groups upon completion of the study. Rats administered AmpB with HWA-448 had markedly improved renal function compared with those given AmpB alone; these effects were independent of the administered dose of HWA-448. The antifungal effect of AmpB was not impaired with concomitant HWA-448. Marked accumulation of granulomas and organisms was found in all rat groups. In summary, coadministration of low doses of HWA-448 attenuated the dose-limiting nephrotoxicity without impairing the antifungal effect of AmpB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000186533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,15]],"date-time":"2008-12-15T06:03:14Z","timestamp":1229320994000},"page":"139-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Attenuation of Amphotericin-B Nephrotoxicity in the Candidiasis Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"David R.","family":"Luke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kishor M.","family":"Wasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina R.","family":"Verani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lane J.","family":"Brunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt L.","family":"Berens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiumars","family":"Vadiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Lopez-Berestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]]},"container-title":["Nephron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/186533","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000186533","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:05:19Z","timestamp":1777658719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000186533"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000186533","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-8151","2235-3186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-8151","type":"print"},{"value":"2235-3186","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]]}}}