{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:17:21Z","timestamp":1775063841737,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) cause vibration and stretch of the upper airway tissues that may result in neuromuscular damage and changes in the microcirculation. &lt;i&gt;Objectives:&lt;\/i&gt; The aim of this investigation was to test whether long-term snoring affects capillary supply in soft palate muscles. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Samples from the palatopharyngeus (PP) and uvula (UV) muscles were collected from 8 patients undergoing uvulo-palatopharyngoplasty because of habitual snoring and OSA. Control samples were obtained at autopsy. The muscles were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and morphometry. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; The patients\u2019 palate muscles had a lower capillary density (PP 443 vs. 711 capillaries\/mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;, p &lt; 0.001, and UV 452 vs. 624 capillaries\/mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;\/sup&gt;, p = 0.009), a lower number of capillaries related to an individual muscle fiber (PP 1.3 vs. 2.7, p = 0.003, and UV 1.0 vs. 1.9, p = 0.03) and a lower number of capillaries related to the fiber size (PP 0.9 vs. 2.1, p = 0.001, and UV 0.6 vs. 1.9, p = 0.002). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; Our results indicate that reduced capillary supply of palate muscles plays a pathophysiological role in long-term snorers and OSA. The cause of the low capillary supply is unclear, but neuromuscular injury due to repeated vibratory and stretch trauma of the soft palate during snoring is a plausible mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000197975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,30]],"date-time":"2009-01-30T14:33:44Z","timestamp":1233326024000},"page":"303-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Capillary Supply of the Soft Palate Muscles Is Reduced in Long-Term Habitual Snorers"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Per 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