{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:47:15Z","timestamp":1777866435312,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]],"date-time":"2009-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]],"date-time":"2009-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestion"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bronchial carcinoid tumors are usually indolent, slow-growing tumors with an excellent prognosis. However, even typical carcinoids can metastazise to regional lymph nodes or to distant sites. Atypical carcinoids tend to behave more invasively with more frequent nodal and distant metastases. Despite this, long-term survival can be expected as many tumors grow and spread slowly. At the end of the spectrum are the highly aggressive small cell carcinomas which have a very poor prognosis despite aggressive chemotherapy. Clinically, carcinoid tumors are frequently asymptomatic. Symptoms are most frequently due to obstruction (pneumonia, \u2018asthma\u2019, coughing) or bleeding. Carcinoid syndrome is seen infrequently and usually signifies metastatic disease. Cushing\u2019s syndrome is occasionally seen in association with these tumors. The treatment of carcinoid tumors is surgical. Resection should be complete and encompass the regional lymph nodes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000201205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,7]],"date-time":"2009-02-07T01:50:30Z","timestamp":1233971430000},"page":"70-76","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Bronchial and Thymic Carcinoid Tumors: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Dusmet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.F.","family":"McKneally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]]},"container-title":["Digestion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/201205","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000201205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:41:24Z","timestamp":1777538484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000201205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000201205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-2823","1421-9867"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-2823","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9867","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]]}}}