{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T17:42:08Z","timestamp":1778780528998,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"abstract":"<i>Background\/Aims:<\/i> An association between the<i> II<\/i> genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion <i>(I)<\/i>\/deletion <i>(D)<\/i> polymorphism and suicide was found among Japanese men. Our purpose was to replicate this finding in Caucasians and explore other putative genotypic associations among suicides. <i>Methods:<\/i> The <i>ACE<\/i> genotypes were studied by a 2-stage PCR method in 150 completed suicides and 165 age- and sex-matched controls. <i>Results:<\/i> We found an increase in the frequency of the <i>ACE<\/i><i>I<\/i> allele among male victims of suicide compared to male controls (odds ratio, OR = 1.69, p < 0.006), female suicides (OR = 2.01, p = 0.006) and pooled controls (OR = 1.77, p = 0.001). Analysis of genotype distribution showed that the codominant model had the best fit (p = 0.7) whereas the recessive model could be rejected (p = 0.04). Among males we found an association between the number of the <i>ACE I<\/i> allele and the method of suicide: OR = 17.98, p<sub>corrected<\/sub> = 0.00003, for jumping from a height; OR = 0.36, p<sub>corrected<\/sub> = 0.048, for hanging. We also observed a trend for a negative effect of the number of copies of the <i>ACE I<\/i> allele on prevalence of depression (OR = 0.36, p = 0.013) and a trend for an effect on age at death (p = 0.021). <i>Conclusions:<\/i> Our results suggest that low ACE activity associated with the <i>I<\/i> allele is a risk factor for suicide, especially in a subset of males. This may be of concern given the widespread use of drugs lowering ACE activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000218077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,11]],"date-time":"2009-05-11T14:20:03Z","timestamp":1242051603000},"page":"151-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Polymorphism and Completed Suicide: An Association in Caucasians and Evidence for a Link with a Method of Self-Injury"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Fudalej","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Fudalej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"Kostrzewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ku\u017aniar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Franaszczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Wojnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Krajewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"P\u0142oski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080%2F10673220490425915"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnrn1220"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017%2FS0033291798006916"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs00702-006-0483-9"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI114844"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.mol.0000217895.67444.de"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0014-2999%2802%2901283-9"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.152460"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.biopsych.2004.11.017"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0006-3223%2895%2900597-8"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fajmg.b.20164"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs004390050484"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fsim.4780040211"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fajmg.b.30793"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00004714-199112000-00025"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.mp.4001884"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.pnpbp.2007.04.002"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2894%2992050-8"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF03022528"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185%2F030079904X4185"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs00228-007-0293-5"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.0306-5251.2001.01442.x"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.RES.0000223145.74217.e7"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/218077","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/218077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T22:20:40Z","timestamp":1745446840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000218077"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000218077","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-282X","1423-0224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-282X","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}}}