{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:41:05Z","timestamp":1777902065568,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,3]],"date-time":"2009-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,3]],"date-time":"2009-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated an altered immuno-endocrine feedback communication via the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which may be an important modulatory factor in the development of spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in Obese strain (OS) chickens. These birds show a significantly lower, or even absent, increase in serum glucocorticoid levels in response to an intravenous injection of antigen or conditioned medium (CM) from mitogen-stimulated spleen cells known to contain glucocorticoid-increasing factors (GIFs), notably interleukin-1 (IL-1). The present study was aimed at investigating this feedback regulation in animal models with spontaneous systemic autoimmune diseases, such as the UCD-200 chicken, which serves as a model for human scleroderma, and various murine lupus models. In contrast to OS chickens, UCD-200 chickens displayed a nearly normal plasma corticosterone surge in response to CM, and IL-1 was again identified as the primary GIF in CM. Recombinant IL-1 also induced a drastic increase in plasma corticosterone levels in various strains of normal mice. A similar increase was observed in the bacterial lipopolysaccharide-resistant C3H\/HeJ strain, thus excluding the possibility of bacterial endotoxin contamination. However, in young lupus-prone (NZB\/W)F1 and MRL\/MP-lpr mice, a significantly lower increase in plasma corticosterone levels was observed after injection of recombinant IL-1, suggesting a deficient immuno-endocrine communication via the HPA loop in this instance as well. Detailed studies to identify further cytokines with GIF activity in the avian and murine systems showed that both IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 could induce increased plasma corticosterone levels in mice, but not in chickens. IL-3, IL-8, transforming growth factor-\u03b2, interferon-\u03b3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were devoid of GIF activity in both chickens and mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000236531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,15]],"date-time":"2009-09-15T08:17:46Z","timestamp":1253002666000},"page":"232-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Disturbed Immuno-Endocrine Communication via the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Autoimmune Disease"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Yanhua","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Herold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Heinrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Wick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,3]]},"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/236531","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000236531","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:18:35Z","timestamp":1777634315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000236531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,3]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000236531","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,3]]}}}