{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T15:06:21Z","timestamp":1777907181399,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,4]],"date-time":"2009-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,4]],"date-time":"2009-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nonactivated, fixed peripheral blood T cells (PBT) from healthy donors or patients with X-linked-hyper-IgM (HIGM) syndrome, or cloned T cells provided effective help for tonsillar B lymphocytes for induction of IgE or other immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes. Helper activity was mediated by staphylococcal super-antigens adsorbed to the T cells prior to fixation and required presence of IL-4 in the cultures. We demonstrated that the T cells neither expressed detectable CD40 ligand at the beginning of the superantigen treatment nor 24 h later. Phorbol ester (PMA) plus Ca-ionophore treatment efficiently induced CD40L. Such T cells did not, however, provide any help for B-cell activation in some experiments or stimulated only low responses in others. Antibodies against CD2, CD3 and ICAM-1 adsorbed to fixed T cells prior to coculturing inhibited helper activity. A soluble CTLA4 construct was also inhibitory. Our results suggest a pathway of B-cell activation independent of CD40L expressed on T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000237396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,15]],"date-time":"2009-09-15T08:22:24Z","timestamp":1253002944000},"page":"376-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Induction of Cognate and Non-Cognate T-Cell Help for B-Cell IgE Production in Relation to CD40 Ligand Expression"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Dieter","family":"Armerding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin E.","family":"Callard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Man Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geert C.","family":"Mudde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,4]]},"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/237396","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000237396","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:31:28Z","timestamp":1777642288000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000237396"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,4]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000237396","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,4]]}}}