{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:25:12Z","timestamp":1777767912637,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]],"date-time":"2009-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]],"date-time":"2009-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemotherapy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBLs) are found in numerous Enterobacteriaceae, mainly in Klebsiella pneumoniae. We investigated the pharmacodynamics of two new extended-spectrum cephalosporins, cefepime and cefpirome, alone and combined with either amikacin or gentamicin or ciprofloxacin by means of time-kill curves against ESBL-producing, amino-glycoside-resistant K. pneumoniae. When used alone, cefepime (8 and 16 mg\/l) resulted in a 2 and 3 log decrease at 6 h, respectively, but at 24 h regrowth occurred. The combination of cefepime (8 mg\/l) with amikacin (4 mg\/l) resulted in a 4 log decrease at 6 h, but there were no surviving bacteria at 6 h when combined with amikacin (8 mg\/l). The combination of cefepime (16 mg\/l) with gentamicin (4 mg\/l) resulted in a 4 log decrease in 24 h. The antimicrobial combiantion of cefepime (32 mg\/l) with ciprofloxacin (2 mg\/l) resulted in a 4 log decrease in 24 h. Cefpirome (8 mg\/l) induced a 2 log decrease at 4 h; 32 mg\/l cefpirome resulted in a 3 log decrease followed by regrowth at 24 h. The regrowth observed in the late phase with cefpirome alone disappeared when combined with aminoglycoside. When cefpirome (32 mg\/l) was used in combination with ciprofloxacin (1 mg\/l), it resulted in a 4 log decrease in 24 h.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000239575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]],"date-time":"2009-09-11T09:12:33Z","timestamp":1252660353000},"page":"245-253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["In vitro Time-Kill Curves of Cefepime and Cef pirome Combined with Amikacin, Gentamicin or Ciprofloxacin against Klebsiella pneumoniae Producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Elkha\u00efli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kamili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Linger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Lev\u00eaque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Pompei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Monteil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Jehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]]},"container-title":["Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/239575","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000239575","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:47:04Z","timestamp":1777477624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000239575"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000239575","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-3157","1421-9794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-3157","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,11]]}}}