{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:32:00Z","timestamp":1777926720022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]],"date-time":"2009-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1253750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]],"date-time":"2009-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1253750400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Neonate"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of fetal nutritional supplementation on experimentally induced growth retardation were investigated in third-trimester sheep. The control group, C, was fed ad libitum (n = 8). Group R received a protein- and calorie-restricted diet over the last 3 weeks of gestation (n = 8). Group RS was given the same restricted diet as group R, and fetal, intragastric supplements of amino acids and glucose (n = 7). Over the experimental period, maternal weight increased 4.1 \u00b1 0.6 kg in C but was stable in R and RS (p &lt; 0.01). R and RS ewes and fetuses showed biochemical evidence of malnutrition but the changes were less severe in the RS group (p &lt; 0.05). Nutrient levels did not change in group C ewes and fetuses. At delivery, R lambs were smaller in weight and length than RS or C (p &lt; 0.05); gestational ages were the same. Weights were: R, 2,702 \u00b1 182 g; RS, 3,235 \u00b1 121 g; and C, 3,290 \u00b1 297 g. R also had lower fetal to maternal weight ratios and higher brain to body weight ratios than RS or C (p \u2264 0.05). Placental size was reduced 28% in R compared to C (p &lt; 0.05) and was intermediate in RS. The disparity in fetal size was explained by differences in nutrient acquisition between groups. Over the experimental period, caloric intake rose 24% in C fetuses; near delivery, they had the highest umbilical uptakes of carbohydrate and \u03b1-amino nitrogen. After maternal diet was limited, R and RS fetuses had dramatic decreases in umbilical uptake of \u03b1-amino nitrogen and static umbilical uptakes of carbohydrate. Caloric intake fell 42% in R. RS fetuses, however, were receiving sufficient gastric supplementation so that umbilical + gastrointestinal carbohydrate uptake equalled that of controls, and entry of \u03b1-amino nitrogen and calories was intermediate, between those of R and C. Fetal oxygen consumption reflected the differences in nutrient uptake, being greatest in C, lowest in R and intermediate in RS. Fetal supplementation lessened the drain on maternal nutrients and promoted more normal fetal growth and metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000242164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,28]],"date-time":"2009-09-28T08:24:24Z","timestamp":1254126264000},"page":"125-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Effects of Intrauterine Nutritional Supplementation on Fetal Growth Retardation"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Valerie","family":"Charlton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Johengen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]]},"container-title":["Biology of the Neonate"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/242164","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000242164","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:19:00Z","timestamp":1777673940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000242164"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000242164","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3126","1421-9727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3126","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]]}}}