{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T02:27:06Z","timestamp":1783823226664,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]],"date-time":"2009-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]],"date-time":"2009-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biol Neonate"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The intent of this study was to investigate thoracic duct lymph flow, as it is related to the development of hydrops fetalis during rapid atrial pacing. We studied 6 fetal sheep at 128 \u00b1 6 days of gestation who had chronically placed thoracic duct catheters, aortic and superior vena cava catheters, and atrial pacing electrodes. Atrial pacing at 317 beats\/min caused an elevation in central venous pressure from a baseline value of 3 Torr to 7 Torr without affecting pH, arterial blood gas tensions, aortic blood pressure, total protein concentration, or colloid osmotic pressure, although there was a small rise in hematocrit. The thoracic duct lymph flow rate at baseline was 41 \u00b1 6 ml\/h. After atrial pacing for 6 h, the lymph flow rate as measured over at least three consecutive 10-min intervals, and presumably the transvascular fluid filtration rate, increased to 67 \u00b1 7 ml\/h if it was collected at an outflow pressure of 3 Torr, equal to the venous pressure prior to the onset of atrial pacing. However, if the lymph was collected instead at an outflow pressure of 7 Torr, equal to the actual venous pressure measured with rapid atrial pacing, then the lymph flow rate diminished to 48 \u00b1 5 ml\/h. This difference in lymph flow secondary to the increase in venous pressure could account for a maximum of 19 ml\/h of edema that accumulates in fetal interstitium and body cavities with atrial pacing. We conclude that the increased venous pressure measured after rapid atrial pacing for 6 h not only increases the transvascular fluid filtration rate, but it also impairs the return of lymph flow to the circulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000244006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,2]],"date-time":"2009-10-02T06:01:57Z","timestamp":1254463317000},"page":"325-330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Thoracic Duct Lymph Flow in Fetal Sheep with Increased Venous Pressure from Electrically Induced Tachycardia"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Alfred L.","family":"Gest","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Bair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary C.","family":"Vander Straten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]]},"container-title":["Biology of the Neonate"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/244006","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000244006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:28:38Z","timestamp":1777674518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000244006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000244006","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3126","1421-9727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3126","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,30]]}}}