{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:53:37Z","timestamp":1777866817097,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]],"date-time":"2009-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]],"date-time":"2009-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254873600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 18 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) of whom 16 were HLA-DR3 positive and 14 had the HLA-B8, -DR3 haplotype, the frequencies of known mutations of the tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) and TNF-\u03b2 genes were investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and the single-strand conformational polymorphism technique. In DH, the phenotype frequency (28%) and allele frequency (0.58) of the rare TNF-\u03b2 allele TNFB*1 were significantly increased (normal control 12.4% and 0.37). For the TNF-\u03b1 promoter\/enhancer polymorphism, the rare allele TNF2 was more frequent in DH patients (11%, 0.47) compared to controls (2%, 0.16). Since functional studies have associated the rare TNFB*1 and TNF2 alleles with a higher secretion of TNF upon activation in vitro, the predominance of these two \u2018high-response\u2019 TNF alleles in DH patients may represent a genetic basis for the chronic inflammatory response in the skin and mucosal tissues of patients with DH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000246957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]],"date-time":"2009-10-07T07:08:20Z","timestamp":1254899300000},"page":"135-137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Polymorphism of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Genes in Patients with Dermatitis herpetiformis"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Messer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ranki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Koskimies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Reunala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Meurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]]},"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/246957","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000246957","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:24:39Z","timestamp":1777541079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000246957"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000246957","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,7]]}}}