{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:53:49Z","timestamp":1777866829734,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,8]],"date-time":"2009-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,8]],"date-time":"2009-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pemphigus may be an idiopathic disease or a syndrome induced by drugs, mainly thiol drugs. Autoantibodies, always present in the idiopathic form but often lacking in the drug-induced one, may cause acantholysis by activating endogenous proteolytic enzymes. Pathogenesis of drug-induced pemphigus when antibodies are absent has not been elucidated yet. Extracts of skin tissues cultured for 4 days with penicillamine, captopril or thiopronine were assayed for the presence of plasminogen activator (PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI) on agar fibrin plates. Moreover, uPA, tPA, and PAI-1 were identified in the extracts by immunoenzymatic assay. The results have shown progressively decreasing amounts of PAI-1 in penicillamine, thiopronine and captopril-cultured tissue extracts, respectively. This suggests that the acantholytic potential of thiol drugs is directly correlated to their capability of reducing PAI-1 in the epidermal cells leading to increased PA activity. This PA-PAI imbalance may be itself the cause of intraepidermal splitting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000247321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,13]],"date-time":"2009-10-13T01:54:47Z","timestamp":1255398887000},"page":"118-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Imbalance between Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitors in Thiol-lnduced Acantholysis"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"M.L.","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"de Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Rossano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Ruocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,8]]},"container-title":["Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/247321","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000247321","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:26:37Z","timestamp":1777541197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000247321"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,8]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000247321","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-8665","1421-9832"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-8665","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9832","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,8]]}}}