{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:55:24Z","timestamp":1777866924613,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]],"date-time":"2009-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]],"date-time":"2009-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dermatologica"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanism of minoxidil-induced hair regrowth in alopecia areata (AA) is unknown. In vitro studies suggest that pharmacologic tissue levels of minoxidil may have both epithelial and T cell effects. Response in 36 of 47 patients with severe AA to topical minoxidil 5% b.i.d. was characterized by a return toward normal of hair follicle diameter, depth and structure, and an apparent shift in T cell populations from the skin into the peripheral blood. Nonresponders showed none of these changes. Biopsies from 34 patients subsequently treated with oral minoxidil 5 mg q. 12 h showed no further changes in perifollicular total T, helper-inducer T or suppressor-cytotoxic T cell counts; they did, however, demonstrate significant decreases in perifollicular Langerhans cell and activated T cell counts, and nearly significant decreases in perifollicular monocyte counts. It is possible that minoxidil may be altering a presumed follicular chemoattractive stimulus to a variety of cell types. Decreases in activated T cell counts suggest the possibility of direct immunomodulatory effects of minoxidil on T cells which might contribute to a hair regrowth response in AA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000248899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,27]],"date-time":"2009-10-27T05:20:54Z","timestamp":1256620854000},"page":"29-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Cellular Infiltrate in Severe Alopecia areata before and after Minoxidil Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"V.C.","family":"Fiedler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.M.","family":"Buys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]]},"container-title":["Dermatologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/248899","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000248899","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1777541721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000248899"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000248899","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9075","2571-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9075","type":"print"},{"value":"2571-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,9]]}}}