{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:42:09Z","timestamp":1745469729802,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]],"date-time":"2009-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]],"date-time":"2009-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Princ Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<i>Objective:<\/i> To test whether there are differences in the levels and ratios of 6 pro- and 3 anti-inflammatory cytokines produced by mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) subjects compared to controls. <i>Subjects and Methods:<\/i> 79 participants (42 seropositive RA patients and 37 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study. The production levels in mitogen-stimulated PBMCs of the 6 proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, TNF-\u03b2, IL-8, IL-17, IL-18) and 3 anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) were assayed by ELISA using kits obtained from Immunotech SA. The ratios of pro- to anti-inflammatory cytokines were calculated for all participants. <i>Results:<\/i> There were significantly elevated levels of IL-8 and IL-10, and reduced levels of IFN-\u03b3, IL-4, and IL-17 in mitogen-stimulated PBMC culture supernatants of RA subjects compared to controls. Of the 18 pro-\/anti-inflammatory cytokine ratios, 3 ratios (TNF-\u03b1\/IL13, IL-8\/IL-4 and IL-8\/IL-13) were significantly higher in RA patients compared to controls; and 6 were higher in controls (IFN-\u03b3\/IL-4; IFN-\u03b3\/IL-10; IFN-\u03b3\/IL-13; TNF-\u03b2\/IL10; IL-17\/IL-10; IL-18\/IL-10). <i>Conclusions:<\/i>Activated PBMCs of RA patients, regardless of disease activity, showed higher-level production of IL-8 and IL-10 compared to controls; lower-level production of IFN-\u03b3, IL-4, and IL-17; and elevated ratios of TNF-\u03b1\/IL-13, IL-8\/IL-4 and IL-8\/IL-13.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000252832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]],"date-time":"2009-12-09T08:56:21Z","timestamp":1260348981000},"page":"33-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Disease Activity and Cytokine Production in Mitogen-Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Sukhbir S.","family":"Uppal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj","family":"Raghupathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sawsan J.","family":"Hayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph C.","family":"Longenecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mini","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parvez","family":"Rawoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fsarh.2001.23693"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fart.1780310302"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fart.1780380107"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Frheumatology%2Fkeh297"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fart.1780241012"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fart.10148"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1529-0131%28200102%2945%3A1%3C101%3A%3AAID-ANR90%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FA%3A1023278606036"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fard.59.4.263"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080%2F03009749950155625"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0022-1759%2898%2900183-5"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155%2FMI%2F2006%2F12682"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Frheumatology%2F38.3.202"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1399-0039.2003.00137.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2FBOR.0b013e32805e87e0"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1365-2249.2002.01782.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs10067-005-1081-1"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fard.56.11.656"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0889-857X%2805%2970030-2"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1529-0131%28199905%2942%3A5%3C963%3A%3AAID-ANR15%3E3.0.CO%3B2-E"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fard.2003.008599"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Frheumatology%2Fkeh178"}],"container-title":["Medical Principles and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/252832","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/252832","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T21:01:39Z","timestamp":1745442099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000252832"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000252832","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1011-7571","1423-0151"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1011-7571"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1423-0151"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,9]]}}}