{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:24:11Z","timestamp":1791296651367,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]],"date-time":"1995-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":799286400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The variability of the Finnish vowel occurrences on the F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;\/F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; chart was studied. Repetitions (n = 8 x 10 + 10 = 160) of two syllable types, \/hVh\/ and \/tVt\/, produced by a male speaker were analysed. The F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;\/F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; variability in both contexts was estimated. In the \/hVh\/ context, the phoneme targets were considerably more peripheral than in the \/tVt\/ contexts. In the \/tVt\/ context, the phoneme placements were nearer the upper left corner of the F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;\/F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; space in \/u\/, \/o\/, \/a\/, and \/\u00e6\/. That is understandable on the basis of the alveolar tongue blade position: the tongue holds its position nearer the alveolar area during its movement from [t] to [V] and back to [t] compared to the [hVh] articulation. In the latter articulation, the tongue is free to move and the vowel reaches its ideal position. This interpretation was corroborated by means of the test items with an open syllable (\/tVV\/). In order to explain the variability of the repetitions in one context, the notion of auditory critical band window (CBW) was used. A CBW covers an area on the psycho-acoustical F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;\/F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; plot that comprises 1 bark on the F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; and F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; scales. Its modification CBW-F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; implies that a critical band is presented as a circle comprising the diameter of 1 bark according to the F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; scale. Practically all single F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt;\/F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt; points occur within the CBW-F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; circle. In most cases, the variability is smaller than one CBW-F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; circle, but we can consider that a greater amount of repetions would yield a greater dispersion. The auditorily motivated CBW-F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;\/sub&gt; circle might appear to be a good prediction for the articulation precision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000262174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]],"date-time":"2009-11-24T08:38:55Z","timestamp":1259051935000},"page":"221-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Explaining the Dispersion of the Single-Vowel Occurrences in an F<sub>1<\/sub>\/F<sub>2<\/sub> Space"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Antti","family":"Iivonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,20]]},"container-title":["Phonetica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1159\/000262174\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1159\/000262174\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T21:24:38Z","timestamp":1624483478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1159\/000262174\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1159\/000262174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000262174","relation":{},"ISSN":["1423-0321","0031-8388"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1423-0321","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0031-8388","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]}}}