{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:00:04Z","timestamp":1762430404657,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]],"date-time":"2009-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]],"date-time":"2009-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Emerging evidence indicates that hyperoxia is a risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a common multifactorial long-term complication of prematurity. To date, the equivalence between set and delivered oxygen (O<sub>2<\/sub>) in ventilated preterm infants has not been rigorously studied. <i>Objectives:<\/i> To test the hypothesis of systematic underestimation of O<sub>2<\/sub> delivery in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants during long-term ventilation. <i>Methods:<\/i> Actually achieved O<sub>2<\/sub> concentrations were measured and compared to the set inspired oxygen fraction (FiO<sub>2<\/sub>). A total of 108 O<sub>2<\/sub> measurements were carried out during the ventilation of 54 ELBW infants: O<sub>2<\/sub>-\u0394 error (i.e., the difference between O<sub>2<\/sub> concentrations achieved by the ventilator and set FiO<sub>2<\/sub>) was the main study outcome measure. <i>Results:<\/i> Systematic O<sub>2<\/sub>-\u0394 errors were found, with mean values of +9.52% (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.21\u20130.40), +2.10 (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.41\u20130.60), +2.86% (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.61\u20130.80), and +0.016% (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.81\u20131.0; p < 0.0001). Theoretical simulations from the observed data indicate that, if not corrected, systematic O2-\u0394 errors would lead to a non-intentional total O<sub>2<\/sub> load of 1,202.9 (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.21\u20130.40), 252.46 (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.41\u20130.60), 342.85 (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.61\u20130.80), and 2 (FiO<sub>2<\/sub> 0.81\u20131.0) extra liters\/kg body weight\/100 ventilation hours. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> Systematic underestimation of the O<sub>2<\/sub> delivered by infant ventilators can potentially lead to surprisingly large increases in total O<sub>2<\/sub> load during long-term ventilation of ELBW infants, especially in the lower FiO<sub>2<\/sub> range (i.e., 0.21\u20130.40). Underestimation of true O<sub>2<\/sub> delivery can potentially lead to unrecognized high O<sub>2<\/sub> loads, and more pronounced and prolonged hyperoxia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000262482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]],"date-time":"2009-12-02T09:17:36Z","timestamp":1259745456000},"page":"18-22","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Systematic Underestimation of Oxygen Delivery in Ventilated Preterm Infants"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"De Felice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bechelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Tonni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Latini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Hansmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183%2F09031936.00132306"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2804%2917203-6"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMoa023080"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2804%2917189-4"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542%2Fpeds.107.4.642"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Ffn.73.2.F81"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.clp.2004.04.021"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164%2Frccm.200412-1740OC"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152%2Fajplung.90392.2008"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.123.2.530"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183%2F09031936.00111705"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152%2Fajplung.00347.2006"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnm1494"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/262482","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/262482","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T21:47:28Z","timestamp":1745444848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000262482"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000262482","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1661-7800"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1661-7819"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,2]]}}}