{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:34:42Z","timestamp":1791113682094,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]],"date-time":"2009-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]],"date-time":"2009-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"abstract":"The effects of inhibition of both glutathione synthesis and of glutathione reductase and catalase activities have been determined in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>) in the anterior chamber of pigmented rabbits. Glutathione reductase inhibition using intravitreal 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) did not significantly alter either total glutathione or the percent oxidized glutathione fraction in the iris-ciliary body. Intravitreal buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) significantly reduced the total glutathione content of iris-ciliary body and corneal endothelium, while not altering the oxidized fraction. BCNU increased the oxidized fraction of glutathione in the aqueous humor from 22 to 63% without significantly altering total glutathione levels. BSO, however, reduced total glutathione by 70% in the aqueous humor, and the oxidized fraction doubled. Decreases in the reduced glutathione concentration caused by BSO correlate with increases in the normally stable ratio of H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> to ascorbate concentrations in the aqueous humor, strongly suggesting that glutathione metabolism is correlated with H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> regulation at endogenous levels of this oxidant. Both BSO and 3-aminotriazole (3AT) separately increased the half-time for the loss of exogenously added H<sub>2<\/sub>0<sub>2<\/sub> from the anterior chamber. BSO increased the half-time by 77% after 10 \u03bcl of 10 mMH<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> was injected intracamerally, while suppression of catalase activity with 3AT increased it by only 40%. With intracameral injections of 10 \u03bcl of either 25 or 50 mM H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>, however, 3AT had a greater effect than BSO. The half-time values after 3AT pretreat-ment were 61 and 135% greater than control values at the concentrations of 25 and 50 mM H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>, respectively; those after BSO pretreatment were at 14 and 78%. From these data we conclude that the glutathione redox system protects the anterior segment tissues from hydrogen peroxide at low concentrations of this oxidant, while catalase assumes a greater role at higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000267124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,11]],"date-time":"2009-12-11T02:44:11Z","timestamp":1260499451000},"page":"284-294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Roles of Catalase and the Glutathione Redox Cycle in the Regulation of Anterior-Chamber Hydrogen Peroxide"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"A.P.","family":"Costarides","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.V.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]]},"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000267124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:34:08Z","timestamp":1777707248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000267124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000267124","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]]}}}