{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:34:58Z","timestamp":1777944898791,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]],"date-time":"2010-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]],"date-time":"2010-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1263340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ORL"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of \u03b1-streptococci with inhibitory activity against pathogens, a defense mechanism of the normal flora against bacterial infection, in the nasopharynx and tonsils of 37 children with otitis media with effusion (OME). In the patients with OME, the detection rates of \u03b1-streptococci with inhibitory activity against Haemophilusinfluenzae, Streptococcuspneumoniae, Staphylococcusaureus and group A streptococci in the nasopharynx were significantly lower than those of \u03b1-streptococci isolated from the tonsils. Furthermore, the detection rates of nasopharyngeal \u03b1-streptococci with inhibitory activity against H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae in OME patients were lower than those in patients with tonsillitis. In conclusion, low nasopharyngeal levels of \u03b1-streptococci with inhibitory activity against pathogens appear to render children susceptible to attacks of OME. We suggest that it is important to investigate the relationships between the prevalence of pathogens and the inhibitory activity of \u03b1-streptococci against them in the nasopharynx.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000276815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,15]],"date-time":"2010-01-15T03:25:48Z","timestamp":1263525948000},"page":"147-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Investigation of the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Flora in Children with Otitis media with Effusion"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Isao","family":"Fujimori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuhito","family":"Kikushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rei","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken-ichi","family":"Hisamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]]},"container-title":["ORL"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000276815","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:30:45Z","timestamp":1777710645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000276815"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000276815","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-1569","1423-0275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-1569","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]]}}}