{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T05:03:14Z","timestamp":1777870994865,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]],"date-time":"2010-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]],"date-time":"2010-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urol Int"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A new computerized methodology was used to acquire and analyze the relative pharmacologic sensitivity of the renal pelvis and urinary bladder of the rabbit to pharmacologic stimulation. Comparison was made of the effects of thiphenamil, verapamil and oxybutynin on the spontaneous contractions of isolated detrusor and renal pelvis. Data collected by computer were evaluated in terms of amplitude, frequency, and tension change to varying concentration of pharmacologic stimulation. Data were analyzed using a frequency\/time domain algorithm developed specifically to evaluate the contribution of the oscillatory components of tension associated with smooth muscle tissues. For the renal pelvis the results show 6 \u00d7 10\u2013\u20135M thiphenamil, 10\u2013\u20133M oxybutynin, and 5 \u00d7 10\u2013\u20136M verapamil resulted in a 50% inhibition of the phasic contractions. Thiphenamil significantly increased the contractile frequency of the renal pelvis. For the bladder 10\u2013\u20133M thiphenamil resulted in a 50% inhibition of the phasic contractions, while 3 \u00d7 10\u2013\u20134M oxybutynin and 3 \u00d7 10\u2013\u20136M verapamil were needed to achieve the same level of inhibition. Thiphenamil at lower doses (10\u2013\u20134M to 5 \u00d7 10\u2013\u20134M) showed a biphasic effect \u2013 an increase of the bladder tissue activity followed by a relaxation phase \u2013 that oxybutynin and verapamil failed to produce. The results show that the calcium blocker suppresses the spontaneous activity of the upper and lower urinary tract at lower concentrations than the anticholinergic or thiphenamil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000281340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,2]],"date-time":"2010-02-02T03:42:27Z","timestamp":1265082147000},"page":"211-218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Analysis of the in vitro Pharmacologic Response of Renal Pelvis and Detrusor Smooth Muscle to Thiphenamil, Oxybutynin and Verapamil"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Petros","family":"Levounis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos E.","family":"Constantinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]},"container-title":["Urologia Internationalis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000281340","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T16:55:10Z","timestamp":1777568110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000281340"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000281340","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-1138","1423-0399"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-1138","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0399","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]}}}