{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:23:44Z","timestamp":1791037424103,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<i>Background\/Aim:<\/i> Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to determine whether indoxyl sulfate increases the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced activation of nuclear factor-\u0138B (NF-\u0138B) in vascular endothelial cells. <i>Methods:<\/i> Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with indoxyl sulfate. The expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in HUVEC was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Phospho-NF-\u0138B p65 (Ser 536), an active form of the NF-\u0138B subunit, was determined by Western blotting. <i>Results:<\/i> Indoxyl sulfate significantly increased the mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in HUVEC in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Inhibitors of NF-\u0138B (ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate and isohelenin) and an antioxidant (N-acetyl-<i>L<\/i>-cysteine) suppressed the indoxyl sulfate-induced expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in HUVEC. Indoxyl sulfate increased phospho- NF-\u0138B p65 in HUVEC, and N-acetyl-<i>L<\/i>-cysteine suppressed it. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> Indoxyl sulfate upregulates the expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 by ROS-induced activation of NF-\u0138B in vascular endothelial cells. Thus, indoxyl sulfate may play an important role in the development of CVD in CKD by increasing the endothelial expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000299798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]],"date-time":"2010-04-14T06:58:14Z","timestamp":1271228294000},"page":"435-441","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":229,"title":["Indoxyl Sulfate Upregulates Expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 by Oxidative Stress-Induced NF-\u0138B Activation"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Zohra","family":"Tumur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidehisa","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Enomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshimitsu","family":"Niwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174%2F157016108783955374"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2FCIRCULATIONAHA.106.678342"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152%2Fajprenal.00281.2004"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000112823"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1538-7836.2007.02540.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000191468"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1523-1755.2004.00399.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1538-7836.2005.01780.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs11095-007-9248-x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fhr.2008.29"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000098542"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215%2FCJN.03980609"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnature01323"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113%2Fexpphysiol.2005.030098"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM199901143400207"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.HYP.0000051642.65283.36"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253%2Fcircj.68.671"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000191205"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI118598"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fcyto.1999.0526"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/299798","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/299798","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T19:57:17Z","timestamp":1745438237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000299798"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000299798","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0250-8095","1421-9670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-8095","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}