{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:10:01Z","timestamp":1790687401881,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Anaerobes are the first and <i>Streptococcus<\/i> species the second most common cause of community-acquired lung abscess (CALA) in the West. The etiologic pathogens of this disease have changed in Taiwan, with <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/i> being reported as the most common cause of CALA. <i>Objective:<\/i> To determine the etiologies of community-acquired lung abscess. <i>Methods:<\/i> We retrospectively reviewed the records of 205 Japanese adult patients with CALA to evaluate etiologies and outcomes. We used not only traditional microbiological investigations but also percutaneous ultrasonography-guided transthoracic needle aspiration and protected specimen brushes. <i>Results:<\/i> Of these 205 patients, 122 had documented bacteriological results, with 189 bacterial species isolated. Pure aerobic, mixed aerobic and anaerobic, and pure anaerobic bacteria were isolated in 90 (73.8%), 17 (13.9%), and 15 (12.3%) patients, respectively. The four most common etiologic pathogens were <i>Streptococcus<\/i> species (59.8%), anaerobes (26.2%), <i>Gemella<\/i> species (9.8%), and <i>K. pneumoniae<\/i> (8.2%). <i>Streptococcus mitis<\/i> was the most common among the <i>Streptococcus<\/i> species. Mean duration of antibiotic administration was 26 days. Six patients (2.9%, 3 with actinomycosis and 3 with nocardiosis) were treated with antibiotics for 76\u2013189 days. Two patients with anaerobic lung abscess died. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> The first and second most common etiologic pathogens of CALA in our hospital were St<i>reptococcus<\/i> species and anaerobes, respectively. The etiologies in our study differ from those in Taiwan and are similar to those in the West with the exception that <i>Streptococcus<\/i> species were the most common etiologic pathogens in our study whereas anaerobes are the most frequent etiologic pathogens in Western countries. <i>S. mitis<\/i> and <i>Gemella<\/i> species are important etiologic pathogens as well. The identification of <i>Actinomyces<\/i> and <i>Nocardia<\/i> is important in order to define the adequate duration of antibiotic administration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000312404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,12]],"date-time":"2010-04-12T07:15:13Z","timestamp":1271056513000},"page":"98-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Etiology and Outcome of Community-Acquired Lung Abscess"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Noboru","family":"Takayanagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naho","family":"Kagiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Ishiguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daidou","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086%2F428586"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00000658-198306000-00015"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0002-9610%2885%2990016-9"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.97.1.69"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169%2Finternalmedicine.32.278"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.108.4.937"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.115.3.746"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Frmed.2001.1247"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086%2F428574"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.79.5.559"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FCMR.15.4.613-630.2002"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.mcp.0000219273.57933.48"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378%2Fchest.81.5.556"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1469-0691.2004.00774.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs15010-007-7043-6"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fthx.50.10.1093"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fjinf.2000.0686"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/312404","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/312404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T19:01:28Z","timestamp":1745434888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000312404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000312404","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}