{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T08:56:22Z","timestamp":1789376182515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Sulfonamides are generally classified into 2 groups: antibiotics and non-antibiotics. Recent studies showed that patients allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics do not have a specific risk for an allergy to sulfonamide non-antibiotic. However, the anti-inflammatory drug sulfasalazine represents an important exception. Used in rheumatic diseases, it is classified as a non-antibiotic sulfonamide, but is structurally related to antibiotic sulfonamides. Therefore, we aimed to analyze in vitro the cross-reactivity between the antimicrobial sulfamethoxazole and the anti-inflammatory drug sulfasalazine. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; PBMC from 2 patients with severe hypersensitivity syndrome to sulfasalazine, 3 patients with sulfamethoxazole allergy and 5 healthy donors were isolated and incubated with medium only (negative control), 2 concentrations (10, 100 \u00b5g\/ml) of sulfapyridine, 2 concentrations (100, 200 \u00b5g\/ml) of sulfamethoxazole, and tetanus toxoid (10 \u00b5g\/ml) as a positive control. After 6 days of culture, &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;\/sup&gt;H-thymidine was added and cell proliferation was measured. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; In all patients tested, the lymphocyte transformation tests were positive for both sulfapyridine and sulfamethoxazole, suggesting a strong cross-reactivity to these drugs. None of the healthy donors reacted to any of the drugs tested. We refrained from provoking our patients with either sulfasalazine or sulfamethoxazole, as they had a clear, typical history, severe symptoms and were positive on in vitro tests to both compounds. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; We demonstrate that in the case of sulfamethoxazole and sulfasalazine, cross-reactivity is dependent on chemical features rather than the indication of the drugs. Therefore, patients with hypersensitivity to sulfasalazine or sulfamethoxazole should be specifically advised to avoid both drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000312632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,26]],"date-time":"2010-04-26T02:56:19Z","timestamp":1272250579000},"page":"152-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Cross-Reactivity in Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions to Sulfasalazine and Sulfamethoxazole"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Zawodniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priska","family":"Lochmatter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Beeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner J.","family":"Pichler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.iac.2004.03.011"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.jid.5701033"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMoa022963"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592%2Fphco.26.4.551"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592%2Fphco.24.9.856.36106"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165%2F00002018-200326030-00004"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.0105-1873.2004.00274.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2003.11.030"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.2009.01985.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2007.02.007"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2249.2008.03627.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1365-2133.2008.08875.x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1398-9995.2004.00547.x"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/312632","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/312632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:04:11Z","timestamp":1745420651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000312632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000312632","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}