{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:18:01Z","timestamp":1789777081804,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; Newborns display high intestinal permeability and a naive adaptive immune system, but infections are rare, indicating strong innate defense mechanisms. &lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt; To measure the kinetics of fecal \u03b2-defensin-2 (HBD2), an inducible endogenous antimicrobial peptide produced by intestinal epithelial cells, in full-term and preterm infants. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; As a first step of this bicentric study, we enrolled 30 healthy full-term infants and 20 healthy preterm infants, with fecal samples collected at days 3, 7 12 and 30 in full-term infants and at days 15, 30 and 60 in preterm infants. As a second step, we enrolled 10 preterm infants with intestinal distress, either necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) Bell\u2019s stage III (n = 3) or isolated rectal bleeding (n = 7) and 20 controls, cross-matched for gestational age and age at sampling. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; HBD2 decreased significantly from day 3 to day 7 (227 ng\/g; 14\u2013440 vs. 117 ng\/g; 30\u2013470, p = 0.01) then moderately until day 30 (84 ng\/g; 10\u2013500) in healthy full-term infants. Healthy preterm infants showed similar high levels between days 15 and 60 (82 ng\/g; 30\u2013154 and 85 ng\/g; 26\u2013390, respectively). No significant variation of fecal HBD2 levels was observed between infants with clinical features of intestinal distress (77 ng\/g, 2\u20131,271) and cross-matched controls (56 ng\/g, 31\u2013164). However, 2\/3 infants with NEC and 1\/7 infants with isolated rectal bleeding had HBD2 levels above the maximal level observed in controls. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; The kinetics of fecal HBD2 in the neonatal period indicate that this inducible defensin can be detected at high level in the feces of full-term and preterm infants, independently of gestational age or mode of feeding. The potential role of fecal HBD2 in detecting NEC is suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000315872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]],"date-time":"2010-10-28T07:38:53Z","timestamp":1288251533000},"page":"365-369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Fecal Expression of Human \u03b2-Defensin-2 following Birth"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Campeotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Baldassarre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Laforgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Viallon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kalach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Amati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Butel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dupont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kapel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203%2F01.pdr.0000250274.68571.18"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083%2Fjcb.118.4.929"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0952-7915%2892%2990115-U"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fni.1825"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2FMOG.0b013e328136c580"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.smim.2007.04.002"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086%2F505915"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189%2Fjlb.0904543"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.semperi.2004.08.008"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.271.8.4038"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203%2F00006450-199807000-00003"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00042737-200207000-00006"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fgut.2007.125005"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fajg.2008.86"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2FMPG.0b013e318174e872"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fmi.2008.77"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fadc.2002.022368"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.M511044200"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542%2Fpeds.2005-2824"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.286.5439.525"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1651-2227.2007.00457.x"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000255161"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/315872","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/315872","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T19:35:07Z","timestamp":1745436907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000315872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000315872","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-7800","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-7819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}