{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:38:09Z","timestamp":1745469489702,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rather than a complete overview of the contribution of Utrecht to stroke research, I have selected a few subjects and attempt to put these in historical context. Johann Jakob Wepfer (1620\u20131695) was unique in that he approached \u2018apoplexy\u2019 through post-mortem observations, in the tradition of Padua. However, the interpretation of his findings in haemorrhagic and especially non-haemorrhagic stroke was still heavily influenced by the authority of Galen\u2019s writings. Wepfer\u2019s category of \u2018serous apoplexy\u2019 assumed that extravasation of blood serum might lead to compression of brain substance and blockage of \u2018nerve pores\u2019 through which mental \u2018spirit\u2019 was supposed to flow. This notion of \u2018cerebral congestion\u2019 or \u2018cerebral hyperaemia\u2019 lived on, at least to the middle of the 20th century! The pitfalls of theorizing are also evident from recent history (the facile assumption that cerebral ischaemia occurs in the same way as leg ischaemia). By implication, similar errors may well be hidden in present ideas about stroke. Probable or possible examples are the &lt;i&gt;id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues&lt;\/i&gt; that 30 mg of aspirin is less efficacious in the secondary prevention of stroke than 100 mg, that vasospasm is the cause of delayed ischaemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and that perimesencephalic haemorrhage is not caused by rupture of an artery. Physicians still speculate more often than they care to admit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000319571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,5]],"date-time":"2010-08-05T07:02:02Z","timestamp":1280991722000},"page":"330-339","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Facts versus Theories: An Everlasting Struggle"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"van Gijn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMcp072057"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2807%2960153-6"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs001150050244"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs00415-004-0395-2"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2854%2990544-9"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2803%2912228-3"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fbmj.324.7330.167"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0049-3848%2887%2990224-6"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000077340"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM199110313251801"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2804%2917514-4"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2F441262a"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM198408163110703"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fbmj.298.6674.636"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.STR.0000133132.76983.8e"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2FSTROKEAHA.106.477976"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00006123-200010000-00004"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227%2F01.NEU.0000058231.08870.1F"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2FSTROKEAHA.108.519942"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171%2Fjns.1991.74.1.0014"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410170206"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fana.410180208"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF02076017"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171%2Fjns.1978.48.4.0515"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fjcbfm.2008.74"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171%2Fjns.1985.63.3.0355"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0140-6736%2891%2991836-J"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065%2F73.8.745"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161%2F01.STR.0000260093.49693.7a"}],"container-title":["Cerebrovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/319571","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/319571","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T19:42:35Z","timestamp":1745437355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000319571"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000319571","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-9770","1421-9786"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1015-9770"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1421-9786"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}