{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T22:00:00Z","timestamp":1792706400548,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells Tissues Organs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Maldevelopment of outflow tract and aortic arch arteries is among the most common forms of human congenital heart diseases. Both &lt;i&gt;Bmp4&lt;\/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Tbx1&lt;\/i&gt; are known to play critical roles during cardiovascular development. Expression of these two genes partially overlaps in pharyngeal arch areas in mouse embryos. In this study, we applied a conditional gene inactivation approach to test the hypothesis that Bmp4 expressed from the &lt;i&gt;Tbx1&lt;\/i&gt; expression domain plays a critical role for normal development of outflow tract and pharyngeal arch arteries. We showed that inactivation of &lt;i&gt;Bmp4&lt;\/i&gt; from &lt;i&gt;Tbx1-&lt;\/i&gt;expressing cells leads to the spectrum of deformities resembling the cardiovascular defects observed in human DiGeorge syndrome patients. Inactivation of &lt;i&gt;Bmp4 &lt;\/i&gt;from the &lt;i&gt;Tbx1&lt;\/i&gt; expression domain did not cause patterning defects, but affected remodeling of outflow tract and pharyngeal arch arteries. Our further examination revealed that &lt;i&gt;Bmp4&lt;\/i&gt; is required for normal recruitment\/differentiation of smooth muscle cells surrounding the PAA4 and survival of outflow tract cushion mesenchymal cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000321170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T08:21:44Z","timestamp":1291191704000},"page":"393-403","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Inactivation of &lt;i&gt;Bmp4 &lt;\/i&gt;from the &lt;i&gt;Tbx1 &lt;\/i&gt;Expression Domain Causes Abnormal Pharyngeal Arch Artery and Cardiac Outflow Tract Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Xuguang","family":"Nie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher 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