{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T03:29:38Z","timestamp":1768793378250,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Innate Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ly49 receptors in rodents, like killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors in humans, regulate natural killer (NK) cell activity. Although inhibitory Ly49 receptors clearly recognize classical major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, the role for the activating Ly49 receptors has been less well understood. Here, we discuss recent data from a rat model for listeriosis. Rats depleted of NK cells, or more specifically the Ly49 receptor-bearing cells, showed increased bacterial loads in their spleen. Athymic nude rats with no functional T cells but increased numbers of Ly49-expressing NK cells were more resistant to infection, indicating a central role of NK cells in early immune defense against &lt;i&gt;Listeria&lt;\/i&gt; in this species. &lt;i&gt;Listeria&lt;\/i&gt; infection of macrophages or enteric epithelial cells led to upregulation of MHC-I, including nonclassical (Ib) molecules not regularly recognized by T cells. We have shown that activating Ly49 receptors are more efficiently stimulated when binding to upregulated class Ib antigens on infected cells. From this we postulate that activating Ly49 receptors may have a sentinel function in the early immune response against &lt;i&gt;Listeria&lt;\/i&gt; in detecting diseased cells \u2018flagged\u2019 by increased MHC-Ib expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000324143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,23]],"date-time":"2011-03-23T07:29:37Z","timestamp":1300865377000},"page":"289-297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Role of Natural Killer Cells in the Defense against &lt;i&gt;Listeria&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;monocytogenes&lt;\/i&gt; Lessons from a Rat 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