{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T22:56:20Z","timestamp":1789944980999,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chemotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Candidal meningitis is a common clinical manifestation of invasive candidiasis in neonates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antifungal efficacy of CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT nanoparticles, novel core-shell structures self-assembled from cationic antimicrobial peptides, in a rabbit model of candidal meningitis. <i>Methods:<\/i> In vitro activity of CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT nanoparticles against <i>Candida albicans<\/i> was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and kill-time curves. In vivo, intravenous treatment with CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT nanoparticles (n = 6; 0.25 mg\/kg\/day) or fluconazole (n = 6; 100 mg\/kg\/day) began 3 days after infection and continued for 11 consecutive days; the efficacy was assessed following 11 days of treatment by yeast counting in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the leukocyte concentrations in CSF and the histopathology of brain parenchyma. <i>Results:<\/i> At a concentration three times higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (8.1 \u00b5mol\/l), the nanoparticles complete- ly sterilized <i>C. albicans<\/i> after 5 h of incubation. In addition, there was a significant reduction in fungal counts and leukocyte concentrations in the CSF from rabbits treated with CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT nanoparticles or fluconazole versus those from untreated control rabbits (p < 0.05, ANCOVA). The median number of days of treatment required to sterilize CSF cultures was 8.5 days for CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT nanoparticle therapy (p = 0.022, vs. control) and 9.7 days for fluconazole therapy (p > 0.05, vs. control). The histopathologic severity of rabbits was significantly attenuated after CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT treatment (p = 0.001, vs. control). <i>Conclusion:<\/i> This study suggests that CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT nanoparticles may be a promising therapeutic agent for candidal meningitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000330855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,19]],"date-time":"2011-10-19T06:52:14Z","timestamp":1319007134000},"page":"417-425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Efficacy of CG<sub>3<\/sub>R<sub>6<\/sub>TAT Nanoparticles Self-Assembled from a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide for the Treatment of <i>Candida albicans <\/i>Meningitis in Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Kaijin","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jifang","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weimin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Yan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanjuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0732-8893%2800%2900140-1"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fspid.2003.127128"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000264672"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000194661"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165%2F00148581-200709050-00004"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs10096-004-1210-9"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fjac%2Fdki473"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1439-0507.1997.tb00231.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnnano.2009.153"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FAAC.48.2.384-387.2004"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2009.12.042"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fbip.10260"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.M007540200"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.97.24.13003"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.272.25.16010"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.91.2.664"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.bcmd.2006.10.003"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jconrel.2008.11.006"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126%2Fscience.285.5433.1569"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039%2Fb503234b"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.biomaterials.2007.11.014"}],"container-title":["Chemotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/330855","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/330855","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/330855","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:33:34Z","timestamp":1745433214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000330855"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000330855","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-3157","1421-9794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-3157","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}}}