{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:22:09Z","timestamp":1782796929244,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Caries Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious problem in China. There are few data available on the risk factors contributing to ECC in children under the age of 3 years. In this study we investigate the risk factors for ECC in the life course of a cohort of 8-month-old children. <i>Methods:<\/i> A total of 225 children aged 8 months were recruited from a rural community in the city of Guangzhou in southern China. Information was collected at baseline and once every 6 months. The questionnaire was designed to collect socioeconomic and behavioural information. Dental caries was recorded by surface and oral hygiene was assessed using the visible plaque index. The presence of <i>Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) <\/i>in dental plaque was determined using microbiological tests. The incidence density of ECC was calculated and generalised estimating equation analysis was performed to identify the risk factors. <i>Results:<\/i> The incidence density among 8 to 14-, 14 to 20-, 20 to 26- and 26 to 32-month-old children was found to be 0, 0.02 \u00b1 0.19, 0.05 \u00b1 0.26 and 0.20 \u00b1 0.59 (surfaces\/100 surface-months), respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that mothers who had a low level of education, families with higher monthly income, enamel hypoplasia of the teeth, lower than average height, a high proportion of visible plaque, and the presence of<i> S. mutans<\/i> were risk predictors for ECC of the children. <i>Conclusions:<\/i> There appears to be a relationship between socioeconomic, behavioural and biological factors and ECC. Early life factors play an important role in the development of ECC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000335574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,13]],"date-time":"2012-02-13T08:17:47Z","timestamp":1329121067000},"page":"87-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["The Contribution of Life Course Determinants to Early Childhood Caries: A 2-Year Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.Y.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.C.M.","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.C.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186%2F1471-2458-11-28"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.1997.tb00898.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fije%2F31.2.285"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2007.00385.x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2010.00540.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000319898"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000121437"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1600-0528.2001.290401.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000231571"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F0022034509360010"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2004.00153.x"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev.publhealth.18.1.341"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000170588"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0003-9969%2894%2990058-2"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-051X.2005.00797.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034%2Fj.1399-302x.2000.150408.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F0022034510376543"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.archoralbio.2010.03.005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fjech.2005.044818"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000088178"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F0022034508328629"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.envint.2004.05.006"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1600-0528.2008.00447.x"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1752-7325.2007.00068.x"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F00220345930720060801"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307%2F2531734"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1834-7819.2010.01280.x"}],"container-title":["Caries Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/335574","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/335574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:58:34Z","timestamp":1745434714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000335574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000335574","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0008-6568","1421-976X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0008-6568","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-976X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}