{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:12:22Z","timestamp":1790971942036,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<i>Objectives:<\/i> The study was aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub>) expression and the characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). <i>Methods:<\/i> Five hundred and seventy-one patients with HCC were subjected. Plasma TGF-\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub> levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at diagnosis and compared in accordance with clinical and radiological characteristics. <i>Results:<\/i> Plasma TGF-\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub> levels were significantly higher in the diffuse infiltrative type (n = 159) than in the nodular type of HCC (n = 412; 3.94 \u00b1 0.34 vs. 3.79 \u00b1 0.29 log<sub>10<\/sub> pg\/ml; p < 0.001). They were much higher in patients with portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic metastasis than in those without (3.88 \u00b1 0.34 vs. 3.81 \u00b1 0.29 log<sub>10<\/sub> pg\/ml, p = 0.008; 3.94 \u00b1 0.35 vs. 3.82 \u00b1 0.30 log<sub>10<\/sub> pg\/ml, p = 0.013, respectively). Also, plasma TGF-\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub> levels showed a positive correlation with the size of HCC (r = 0.014, p < 0.001). Additionally, plasma TGF-\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub> levels were inversely related to the survival periods (p < 0.001). <i>Conclusion:<\/i> TGF-\u03b2<sub>1<\/sub> was overexpressed in invasive types of HCC and it may be involved in the rapid progression of HCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000335605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]],"date-time":"2012-01-24T08:45:08Z","timestamp":1327394708000},"page":"11-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Overexpression Is Closely Related to Invasiveness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Danbi","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Hwa","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong 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Sang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.semnuclmed.2007.10.004"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136%2Fpgmj.2006.047431"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2007.04.061"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM200005043421807"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083%2Fjcb.111.2.731"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1478-3231.2004.00882.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1097-0142%2819951201%2976%3A11%3C2275%3A%3AAID-CNCR2820761115%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0270-9139%2895%2990530-8"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fcncr.10170"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fjhep.2001.28457"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2005.09.055"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs10585-005-5260-x"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023%2FA%3A1013177011767"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0002-9440%2810%2964170-3"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2004.09.014"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.gastro.2004.09.045"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fbjs.4594"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0270-9139%2895%2990575-8"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1097-0142%2820010615%2991%3A12%3C2386%3A%3AAID-CNCR1272%3E3.0.CO%3B2-4"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245%2FASO.2006.11.035"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs00432-006-0119-3"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2F1097-0142%2819940501%2973%3A9%3C2275%3A%3AAID-CNCR2820730907%3E3.0.CO%3B2-T"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fcyto.1999.0660"}],"container-title":["Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/335605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/335605","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/335605","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:58:49Z","timestamp":1745434729000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000335605"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000335605","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-2414","1423-0232"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-2414","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0232","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}