{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:35:00Z","timestamp":1745469300934,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> Lung development and function is compromised at term in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by reduced functional residual capacity (FRC) and impaired gas-mixing efficiency in distal airways. <b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> To determine whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves FRC, ventilation, distal airway function, and gas exchange in spontaneously breathing infants with BPD. <b><i>Design\/Methods:<\/i><\/b> Twenty-one infants with BPD (median birth weight 0.72 kg (range 0.50\u20131.27) and median gestational age 26 weeks (range 23\u201328)) were studied before and after CPAP of 4 cm H<sub>2<\/sub>O was applied by a facemask system. A multiple-breath nitrogen washout method was used to assess FRC, ventilation, and gas-mixing efficiency. Moment analysis and lung clearance index was calculated from the nitrogen-decay curve for assessment of gas-mixing efficiency. Transcutaneous (Tc) PO<sub>2<\/sub>\/PCO<sub>2<\/sub> was monitored during stable infant conditions before each washout test. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> When CPAP was raised from 0 to 4 cm H<sub>2<\/sub>O, FRC increased significantly together with a significant increase in moment ratios (M<sub>1<\/sub>\/M&#8320; and M<sub>2<\/sub>\/M&#8320;). Tc PO<sub>2<\/sub> decreased significantly and the breathing pattern changed, with significantly reduced respiratory rate, minute ventilation, and alveolar ventilation. There was also an increase in tidal volume and dead space. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> CPAP of 4 cm H<sub>2<\/sub>O applied with a facemask at term to infants with BPD did not improve ventilation, gas-mixing efficiency in distal airways, or oxygenation despite an increase in FRC. We speculate that instead of promoting recruitment of unventilated lung volumes, increasing the end-expiratory pressure in infants with BPD may lead to an overexpansion of already ventilated parts of the lung, causing further compromise of lung function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000341765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,28]],"date-time":"2012-08-28T07:42:08Z","timestamp":1346139728000},"page":"282-286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["CPAP of 4 cm H<sub>2<\/sub>O Has No Short-Term Benefit at Term in Infants with BPD"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Kenneth L.","family":"Sandberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ola","family":"Hjalmarson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref1","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMra067279"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref2","DOI":"10.1159%2F000336030"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref3","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0046-8177%2898%2990280-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref4","DOI":"10.1053%2Fj.semperi.2006.05.004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref5","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jpeds.2004.08.044"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref6","DOI":"10.1136%2Fthx.2008.101758"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref7","DOI":"10.1136%2Fadc.2010.189597"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref8","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jpeds.2009.10.017"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref9","DOI":"10.1542%2Fpeds.2009-0668"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref10","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM197106172842401"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref11","DOI":"10.1203%2F00006450-197807000-00006"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref12","DOI":"10.1136%2Fadc.60.9.843"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref13","DOI":"10.1186%2F1471-2431-11-89"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref14","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1651-2227.2011.02164.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref15","DOI":"10.1136%2Fadc.59.6.542"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref16","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291099-0496%28199801%2925%3A1%3C52%3A%3AAID-PPUL6%3E3.0.CO%3B2-Q"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref17","DOI":"10.1183%2F09031936.01.17101410"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref18","DOI":"10.1136%2Fthx.7.1.111"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref19","DOI":"10.1007%2FBF02441610"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref20","DOI":"10.1002%2F%28SICI%291099-0496%28199801%2925%3A1%3C52%3A%3AAID-PPUL6%3E3.0.CO%3B2-Q"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref21","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2876%2992468-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref22","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0022-3476%2885%2980475-3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref23","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMoa072788"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref24","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.earlhumdev.2008.09.003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref25","DOI":"10.1542%2Fpeds.2010-3848"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref26","DOI":"10.1002%2Fppul.10445"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref27","DOI":"10.1136%2Fadc.81.3.247"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"ref28","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1651-2227.1994.tb13038.x"}],"container-title":["Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/341765","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/341765","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:41:12Z","timestamp":1745433672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000341765"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000341765","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-7800","1661-7819"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1661-7800"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1661-7819"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}