{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T11:43:57Z","timestamp":1770291837530,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]],"date-time":"2012-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]],"date-time":"2012-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Endobronchial obstructions are rarely seen in children and are often misdiagnosed resulting in delay of definitive treatment. A variety of diseases can cause endobronchial obstructions in childhood, but data is limited as to the frequency, distribution and clinical characteristics of endobronchial obstructions diagnosed with flexible bronchoscopy (FB). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; To document endobronchial obstructions detected by FB. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; FB results from three pediatric pulmonology centers in Istanbul were evaluated. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; A total of 2,555 children underwent an FB procedure during the study period. Endobronchial obstructions were detected in 10% (n = 256) of the patients. Among FB in patients who had endobronchial obstructions, the four most common indications for bronchoscopy were persistent infiltrations (30%, n = 72), persistent wheezing (28%, n = 70), chronic cough (26%, n = 66) and atelectasis (23%, n = 59). The most common endobronchial obstructions detected in the patients were aspirated foreign bodies (35.9%, n = 92), endobronchial tuberculosis (31.6%, n = 81), mucous plugs occluding airway (16.7%, n = 43) and granulation scars (6%, n = 16). Other pathologies&lt;b&gt; &lt;\/b&gt;included hydatid cysts (n = 5), hemangiomas (n = 5), tumors (n = 5), submucosal nodules (n = 5) and polyps (n = 4). Endobronchial obstructions were most commonly located in the right bronchus (51%, n = 130) followed by the left bronchus (33%, n = 85), bilaterally (8%, n = 21) and trachea (8%, n = 20). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Endobronchial obstructions can be caused by a number of different diseases which require various medical or surgical treatments. In the presence of clinical or radiological findings suggesting an endobronchial obstruction, FB should be performed promptly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000342339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]],"date-time":"2012-09-20T08:27:18Z","timestamp":1348129638000},"page":"43-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Intrinsic Endobronchial Obstructions in Children from Turkey: Evaluation of 2,555 Flexible Bronchoscopic Procedures"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Arif","family":"Kut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erkan","family":"Cakir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasemin","family":"Gokdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Midyat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Refika","family":"Ersu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ela","family":"Erdem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bulent","family":"Karadag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fazilet","family":"Karakoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jpedsurg.2007.10.010"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.ijporl.2006.10.006"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs13312-010-0134-y"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fppul.1950010404"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00006454-199406000-00008"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2FINF.0b013e318170fccc"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fjpsu.2003.50195"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fppul.10120"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fppul.20559"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855%2Fjidc.658"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000322142"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000336238"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.ijporl.2009.03.021"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F000992288502400703"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1440-1843.2008.01390.x"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fppul.2085"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fppul.20375"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.jpedsurg.2010.06.036"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1440-1754.2009.01685.x"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349%2Fymj.2009.50.5.721"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169%2Finternalmedicine.44.909"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000324256"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000326919"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/342339","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/342339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:46:24Z","timestamp":1745433984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000342339"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000342339","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,20]]}}}