{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:24:06Z","timestamp":1791318246506,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the final common stage of renal failure. CD4+ T lymphocyte recruitment and activation after injury could be the very important early event that mediates the onset of renal fibrogenesis. But the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in renal fibrosis is controversial and its cellular mechanism needs to be further investigated. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Biopsy specimens were from patients with minimal-change or IgA nephropathy. Mouse renal fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). CD4+ T lymphocytes of wild BALB\/c mice were depleted with anti-CD4 antibody. BALB\/c Nu\/Nu mice were reconstituted with polarized Th1 or Th2 cells by tail vein injection. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Our study demonstrated that massive CD4+ T lymphocytes infiltrated fibrotic kidneys of patients. The depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes inhibited UUO-induced mouse renal fibrosis. In the process of UUO-induced renal fibrosis, the ratios of Th2\/Th1 increased with time. Results have also shown that Th2-reconstituted mice developed renal fibrosis more easily than Th1-reconstituted mice, which manifested by interstitial expansion and collagen deposition, higher expression of \u03b1-SMA and vimentin and increased expression of fibronectin, TGF-\u03b2 and collagen I. We also found that CD4+ T cells from Th1-reconstitued mice tended to secrete IL-4 and IL-13 Th2-like cytokines. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; In conclusion, our study demonstrated the importance of CD4+ T lymphocytes in renal fibrosis and gave the first direct evidence that Th2 cells play a pivotal role in UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Inhibition of CD4+ T lymphocyte differentiation to Th2 would be a potential therapeutic intervention to prevent renal fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000343283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]],"date-time":"2012-10-09T04:08:42Z","timestamp":1349755722000},"page":"386-396","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["CD4+ T Lymphocytes, Especially Th2 Cells, Contribute to the Progress of Renal Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Lili","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangchang","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huifang","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681%2FASN.2010080793"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169%2Finternalmedicine.43.9"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186%2F1476-9255-7-19"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.cell.2010.02.029"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.semnephrol.2010.03.003"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI36150"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnrneph.2011.149"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ASN.0000108521.39082.E1"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172%2FJCI200214040"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ASN.0000111246.87175.32"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fki.2010.177"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev-immunol-030409-101212"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681%2FASN.2005091013"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.intimp.2008.11.012"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159%2F000073718"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089%2Fjir.2006.26.179"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189%2Fjlb.1107782"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.0906070106"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109%2F0886022X.2011.618924"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fki.2009.243"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681%2FASN.2010050510"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0092-8674%2892%2990030-G"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2F978-1-59745-396-7_3"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007%2Fs10875-009-9344-2"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128%2FIAI.00513-10"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049%2Fjimmunol.0804243"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/343283","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/343283","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T14:23:24Z","timestamp":1745418204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000343283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000343283","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.5124151","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0250-8095","1421-9670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0250-8095","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}}}