{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:23:06Z","timestamp":1791116586695,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,28]],"date-time":"2012-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,28]],"date-time":"2012-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356652800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroimmunomodulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> To determine the <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> infection status in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b><i>H. pylori<\/i> infection was certified by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody was detected by cell-based assay. <i>H. pylori<\/i> seroprevalence was measured in 118 patients with NMO (n = 52), high-risk NMO (hrNMO, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, n = 17 and recurrent optic neuritis, n = 7), MS (n = 42) and healthy controls (n = 27). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between <i>H. pylori<\/i> infection and NMO and MS. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b><i>H. pylori<\/i> antibodies were present in 119 serum samples (82.1%, 119\/145), with antibody positivity in 90.4% (47\/52) of the patients with NMO, 95.8% (23\/24) of the patients with hrNMO, 73.8% (31\/42) of the patients with MS and 59.3% (16\/27) of the controls. NMO spectrum patients had greater positivity for <i>H. pylori<\/i> than MS patients (p < 0.05) and controls (p < 0.05). The frequency of <i>H. pylori<\/i> seropositivity did not significantly differ between MS patients and controls (p = 0.726). <i>H. pylori<\/i> seropositivity was significantly higher in AQP4 antibody-positive patients (54\/58, 93.1%; p = 0.038) than in AQP4 antibody-negative patients (48\/60, 80%). Logistic regression analysis showed that <i>H. pylori<\/i> seropositivity was significantly associated with hrNMO [odds ratio (OR) = 9.311, p = 0.005] or hrNMO + NMO (OR = 6.350, p = 0.028). <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b><i>H. pylori<\/i> infection was present in most Chinese patients with NMO and hrNMO, and may be a risk factor for the NMO spectrum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000345838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,31]],"date-time":"2012-12-31T08:55:46Z","timestamp":1356944146000},"page":"107-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["<b><i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i><\/b> Infection in Neuromyelitis Optica and Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Youming","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqiang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqing","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuhua","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengqi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-8467(00)00125-6"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.5.1107"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458503ms947oa"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathophys.2010.04.008"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01796.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(99)80092-4"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.01.006"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509348961"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2008.05.025"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2008.05.007"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.12.008"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2006.12.010"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2007.06.007"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.10.005"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17551-X"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.10.1398"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000303817.82134.da"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000330240"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.02016.x"}],"container-title":["Neuroimmunomodulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/345838","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/345838","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T18:39:45Z","timestamp":1745433585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000345838"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,28]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000345838","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1021-7401","1423-0216"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1021-7401","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0216","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,28]]}}}