{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:24:16Z","timestamp":1790267056056,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (BKV-HC) is a severe complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. So far, no specific antiviral drug with proven efficacy has been approved for treating BKV-HC. Leflunomide is an immunosuppressive drug with antiviral activity and has been used in treating BKV-associated nephropathy after renal transplantation. This is the first report on the efficacy and safety of leflunomide in the treatment of BKV-HC. From January 2006 to January 2009, 89 patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and among them, 18 patients were identified as having BKV-HC, with a 20% cumulative incidence. Fourteen patients were treated with oral leflunomide. Three days of 100 mg\/day leflunomide was used as loading doses and followed by maintenance doses of 20 mg\/day. The urinary BKV-DNA load was monitored weekly by real-time quantitative PCR. The efficacy was evaluated on day 20 after leflunomide treatment. Seven patients (50%) achieved complete remission, 5 patients (35.7%) achieved partial remission, and 2 patients (14.3%) had more than a 1-log reduction in urinary BKV-DNA loads after treatment. During the leflunomide treatment, the graft-versus-host disease of the patients did not progress, and the dosages of the immunosuppressant were reduced simultaneously. One patient discontinued treatment because of intolerable gastrointestinal symptoms. Neutropenia occurred in 2 cases. These preliminary data suggest that leflunomide may be a potentially effective medication for treating BKV-HC without significant toxicity, but evidence supporting its use requires randomized controlled trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000345852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,15]],"date-time":"2013-02-15T09:26:34Z","timestamp":1360920394000},"page":"52-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Leflunomide for the Treatment of BK Virus-Associated Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Xin-Chuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weng-Tong","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1399-0012.2007.00705.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182%2Fblood-2003-08-2815"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.bmt.1704240"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJM198607243150405"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1386-6532%2899%2900055-4"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182%2Fblood.V98.6.1971"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.bmt.1705678"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086%2F599829"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.TP.0000149338.97084.5F"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.tp.0000181149.76113.50"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1083-8791%2803%2900269-6"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fsj.bmt.1705139"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586%2F14787210.5.1.105"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00007890-200202150-00008"}],"container-title":["Acta Haematologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/345852","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/345852","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/345852","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T14:39:51Z","timestamp":1745419191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000345852"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000345852","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-5792","1421-9662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-5792","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}